Characterization Of Micro And Nanoparticles For Biomedical Applications

Any generic or innovative pharmaceutical product requires to undergo an extensive characterization cycle (in-vitro, ex-vivo, cell lines based evaluation) before getting to preclinical and clinical stages and eventually to be "eligible" for marketing authorization. The expectation of "high-quality data" is essentially dependent on the analytical methodology applied for characterization. For routine products like tablets, capsules, and solutions, the regulatory guidelines, product-specific monographs, and pharmacopoeial annexures are set and are "standard of operation." In addition, GMP/ISO guidelines support industries, academicians, and contract labs to evaluate, document, and validate the routine product to get qualified. However, for nano-micro pharmaceuticals, the regulatory guidelines are still evolving and are very much dependent on the literature data and "latest draft" reports from experts and regulatory body discussions. This book aims to provide one-stop resources on all the analytical techniques used in the field of micro and nanoparticles evaluation and characterization. The chapters will bring together knowledge on current analytical methodologies, limitations, and advances in the in vitro analysis field. Characterization of Micro and Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications is a helping guide for industry researchers, academicians, regulatory experts, and material scientists working in this field of pharmaceuticals, cosmeceuticals, nutraceuticals, agriculture, food, fragrance, and chemical industry. The equipment industry can benefit from its innovations by understanding the needs of researchers and the challenges of current techniques. Covers the entire landscape of in vitro analytical techniques applied for characterization and analysis of micro-and nanoparticles in biomedicine Examines limitations and challenges of currently used methodologies Discusses new advances in the field of micro-nano characterization

This book describes the different methodologies for producing and synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of various shapes and sizes. It also provides an in-depth understanding of the new methods for characterizing and modifying the properties of AgNPs as well as their properties and applications in various fields. This book is a useful resource for a wide range of readers, including scientists, engineers, doctoral and postdoctoral fellows, and scientific professionals working in specialized fields such as medicine, nanotechnology, spectroscopy, analytical chemistry diagnostics, and plasmonics.

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Nanoparticles shows how eco-friendly nanoparticles are engineered and used. In particular, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and other categories of nanoparticles are discussed. The book outlines a range of methodologies and explores the appropriate use of each. Characterization methods include spectroscopic, microscopic and diffraction methods, but magnetic resonance methods are also included as they can be used to understand the mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis using organisms. Applications covered include targeted drug delivery, water purification and hydrogen generation. This is an important research resource for those wishing to learn more about how eco-efficient nanoparticles can best be used. Theoretical details and mathematical derivations are kept to a necessary minimum to suit the need of interdisciplinary audiences and those who may be relatively new to the field. Explores recent trends in growth, characterization, properties and applications of nanoparticles Gives readers an understanding on how they are applied through the use of case studies and examples Assesses the advantages and disadvantages of a variety of synthesis and characterization techniques for green nanoparticles in different situations

Characterization and Biology of Nanomaterials for Drug Delivery: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery describes the techniques successfully employed for the application of nanocarriers loaded with the antioxidant enzyme, catalase, and thus targeted to endothelial cells. Methods of nanocarrier synthesis, loading within various systems, and the characterization of nanocarriers for targeting activities are covered, as are their advantages, disadvantages and applications. Reflecting the interdisciplinary nature of the subject matter, this book includes contributions by experts from different fields, all with various backgrounds and expertise. It will appeal to researchers and students from different disciplines, such as materials science, technology and various biomedical fields. Enables readers from different fields to access recent research and protocols across traditional boundaries Focuses on protocols and techniques, as well as the knowledge base of the field, thus enabling those in R&D to learn about, and successfully deploy, cutting-edge techniques Explores both current and emerging classes of nanomaterials, along with their fundamentals and applications

This thesis includes the synthesis, conjugation and applications of nano and microparticles for the detection and diagnosis of clinically important units such as cell lysates or proteins. Chapter one presents details of the synthesis and characterization of aptamer-AuNP conjugates for the detection of proteins based on dynamic light scattering. Additions of proteins to aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) induced the formation of dimers, trimers, oligomers or aggregates. The average hydrodynamic diameter of the aggregates as measured by DLS, increased with the corresponding increase in protein concentration. This correlation formed the analytical basis of the assay. A linear dynamic range of up to 300 nM (1800 nm) and Limit of detection of 2.67nM was realized using thrombin as the model analyte. This thesis also discusses a novel surface-based method to detect cancer cell membrane using lateral flow technology. This is conceptualized based on familiar streptavidin-biotin and lectin-glycan interactions. Here the detection of cancer cells membranes is based on a differential expression of sialic acids on cancerous cells as compared to the normal cells. The lateral flow biosensor constructed was able to corroborate successful detection cancer cell membranes in less than 40 minutes, qualitatively.

Advanced materials are attracting strong interest in thefundamental as well as applied sciences and are being extensivelyexplored for their potential usage in a range of healthcaretechnological and biological applications. Advanced HealthcareNanomaterials summarises the current status of knowledgein the fields of advanced materials for functional therapeutics,point-of-care diagnostics, translational materials, up and comingbio-engineering devices. The book highlights the key features whichenable engineers to design stimuli-responsive smart nanoparticles,novel biomaterials, nano/micro-devices for diagnosis, therapy(theranostics).The leading contributor researchers cover thefollowing topics: State-of-the-art of biomaterials for human health Micro- and nanoparticles and their application inbiosensors The role of immunoassays Stimuli-responsive smart nanoparticles Diagnosis and treatment of cancer Advanced materials for biomedical application and drugdelivery Nanoparticles for diagnosis and/or treatment of Alzheimersdisease Hierarchical modelling of elastic behavior of human dentaltissue Biodegradable porous hydrogels Hydrogels in tissue engineering, drug delivery and woundcare Modified natural zeolites Supramolecular hydrogels based on cyclodextrinpoly(pseudo)rotaxane Polyhydroxyalkanoate-based biomaterials Biomimetic molecularly imprinted polymers The book is written for readers from diverse backgrounds acrosschemistry, physics, materials science and engineering, medicalscience, pharmacy, biotechnology, and biomedical engineering. Itoffers a comprehensive view of cutting-edge research on advancedmaterials for healthcare technology and applications.

Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications: Fundamental Concepts, Biological Interactions and Clinical Applications brings into one place information on the design and biomedical applications of different classes of nanoparticles. While aspects are dealt with in individual journal articles, there is not one source that covers this area comprehensively. This book fills this gap in the literature. Outlines an in-depth review of biomedical applications of a variety of nanoparticle classes Discusses the major techniques for designing nanoparticles for use in biomedicine Explores safety and regulatory aspects for the use of nanoparticles in biomedicine

Micro- and Nanoengineered Gum-Based Biomaterials for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Applications focuses on micro- and nanotechnology in gums and biopolymers as drug and biomolecule carriers and their applications in biomedicine. Currently, natural gums and polymers are widely utilized as biocarrier systems, to deliver drugs and biomolecules to the target site, for prolonged release and the desired therapeutic effect. Natural gums and polymers are important because they are easily available from natural sources and are characteristically biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic. Natural gums and polymers are also chemically modified with other polymers, in the presence of cross-linking agents, to develop scaffolds, matrices, composites, and interpenetrating polymer networks using micro- and nanotechnology. The book also discusses biological applications, such as gene delivery, cancer therapy, tissue engineering, bioimaging, and theranostics. This book is an important reference source for biomaterials scientists, biomedical engineers, and pharmaceutical scientists, who are looking to increase their understanding of how micro- and nanoengineered biomaterials are being used to create more efficient gum-based drug delivery systems. Explains how micro- and nanoengineering is being used to make a variety of gum types more effective as nanocarriers. Explores the major biomedical applications of various gum classes. Assesses the major challenges of using micro- and nanotechnologies in gum-based biomedical systems.