Geology of a Large Intact Extensional Oceanic Arc Crustal Section with Superior Exposures

Geology of a Large Intact Extensional Oceanic Arc Crustal Section with Superior Exposures
Author: Cathy J. Busby,Rebecca A. Morris,Susan M. DeBari,Sarah Medynski,Keith Putirka,Graham D.M. Andrews,Axel K. Schmitt,Sarah R. Brown
Publsiher: Geological Society of America
Total Pages: 116
Release: 2023-04-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780813725604

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Laurentia

Laurentia
Author: Steven J. Whitmeyer,Michael L. Williams,Dawn A. Kellett,Basil Tikoff
Publsiher: Geological Society of America
Total Pages: 824
Release: 2023-01-04
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780813712208

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"This Memoir focuses on 7 'turning points' that had specific and lasting impacts on Laurentian evolution: The Neoarchean, characterized by cratonization; the Paleoproterozoic and the initial assembly of Laurentia; the Mesoproterozoic southern margin of Laurentia; the Midcontinent rift and the Grenville orogeny; (5) the Neoproterozoic breakup of Rodinia; the mid-Paleozoic phases of the Appalachian-Caledonian orogen; and the Jurassic-Paleogene assembly of the North American Cordillerar"--

Building Arc Crust Plutonic to Volcanic Connections in an Extensional Island Arc the Alisitos Arc Crustal Section southern Rosario Segment Baja California

Building Arc Crust    Plutonic to Volcanic Connections in an Extensional Island Arc  the Alisitos Arc Crustal Section  southern Rosario Segment   Baja California
Author: Rebecca Anne Morris
Publsiher: Unknown
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2017
Genre: Geology, Stratigraphic
ISBN: OCLC:1000155348

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The southern volcano-bounded basin of the Rosario segment of the Cretaceous Alisitos oceanic arc provides outstanding 3-D exposures of the upper 7 km of an extensional arc, where crustal generation processes are recorded in the upper crustal volcanic rocks and underlying plutonic rocks. These exceptional exposures allow for the study of the physical and chemical links between the rock units, and helps constrain the differentiation processes active during the growth and evolution of the arc. Upper crustal volcanic rocks comprise a 3-5 km thick volcanic-volcaniclastic stratigraphy with shallow sill and dike intrusions. Coarse-grained plutonic rocks intrude these units over a transition of 150m, where rafted volcanic blocks are exposed. There is striking compositional overlap in whole-rock and mineral chemistry between the plutonic and volcanic units, supporting a comagmatic source. Whole-rock geochemistry shows similar linear trends in mafic to intermediate compositions, and non-linear trends in felsic compositions. Units are predominantly low-K with flat REE patterns, and show LILE enrichment and HFSE depletion. Initial isotope ratios (Sr, Nd, Pb) overlap for all units and imply no cratonic continental involvement. This agrees with low Sr/Y ratios of all rock types, indicative of thin, immature island arc crust. Modeling results show that closed-system fractional crystallization drove differentiation for mafic-intermediate to intermediate compositions, where open-system processes likely occurred to produce some of the felsic compositions. Differentiation occurs in a two-step fractionation process. Step 1 fractionates an anhydrous gabbroic cumulate from a hydrous basaltic andesite parental melt to produce andesite after 40% crystallization. Step 2 fractionates a hydrous amphibole cumulate from the andesite to produce rhyolite after a total of 65% crystallization. Our results can be used as a reference model for differentiation processes relating to the growth of the middle and upper crust within active extensional systems, such as the Izu Bonin Arc. Exposed mid crustal plutonic units may be analogous to the low-velocity zone (Vp=6.0-6.5 km/s) imaged within the extensional Izu Bonin Arc. Comparisons with across-arc segments of the Izu Bonin Arc implies that the entire southern-volcano bounded basin suite of rocks were built from extensional active rift type magmatism. Similar U-Pb zircon ages for plutonic and volcanic units imply that the entire crustal column (at least 435 km3) was built in less than 8 million years.

Peninsular Ranges Batholith Baja and Southern California

Peninsular Ranges Batholith  Baja and Southern California
Author: Douglas M. Morton,Fred K. Miller
Publsiher: Geological Society of America
Total Pages: 774
Release: 2014
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780813712116

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"This book includes petrology, geochronology, and regional aspects of individual plutons, as well as evolution of the Peninsular Ranges batholith. Several chapters deal with geophysical, chemical, and isotopic based interpretations of the genesis and evolution of the batholith. An accompanying DVD contains detailed colored maps and chemical, isotopic, mineralogic, and physical properties data"--Provided by publisher.

Petrochronology

Petrochronology
Author: Matthew J. Kohn,Martin Engi,Pierre Lanari
Publsiher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2018-03-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9783110561890

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Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.

Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins

Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins
Author: Cathy Busby,Antonio Azor Pérez
Publsiher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 656
Release: 2011-12-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781444347142

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Investigating the complex interplay between tectonics and sedimentation is a key endeavor in modern earth science. Many of the world's leading researchers in this field have been brought together in this volume to provide concise overviews of the current state of the subject. The plate tectonic revolution of the 1960's provided the framework for detailed models on the structure of orogens and basins, summarized in a 1995 textbook edited by Busby and Ingersoll. Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins: Recent Advances focuses on key topics or areas where the greatest strides forward have been made, while also providing on-line access to the comprehensive 1995 book. Breakthroughs in new techniques are described in Section 1, including detrital zircon geochronology, cosmogenic nuclide dating, magnetostratigraphy, 3-D seismic, and basin modelling. Section 2 presents the new models for rift, post-rift, transtensional and strike slip basin settings. Section 3 addresses the latest ideas in convergent margin tectonics, including the sedimentary record of subduction intiation and subduction, flat-slab subduction, and arc-continent collision; it then moves inboard to forearc basins and intra-arc basins, and ends with a series of papers formed under compessional strain regimes, as well as post-orogenic intramontane basins. Section 4 examines the origin of plate interior basins, and the sedimentary record of supercontinent formation. This book is required reading for any advanced student or professional interested in sedimentology, plate tectonics, or petroleum geoscience. Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/busby/sedimentarybasins.

Geology and Metallogeny of the Stewart Mining Camp Northwestern British Columbia

Geology and Metallogeny of the Stewart Mining Camp  Northwestern British Columbia
Author: Dani J. Alldrick,British Columbia. Geological Survey Branch
Publsiher: Province of British Columbia, Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources
Total Pages: 126
Release: 1993
Genre: Science
ISBN: STANFORD:36105016841202

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This report documents the geological setting of the mining camp and geologic features of the major mineral deposit types. New ideas about the tectonic setting and metallogenic history of the district are also presented. The area lies near the eastern margin of the Coast Mountains at the head of the Portland Canal, a fiord 115 kilometres long, which marks the southeastern boundary between the Alaska Panhandle and northwestern British Columbia.

Plutonism in the Central Part of the Sierra Nevada Batholith California

Plutonism in the Central Part of the Sierra Nevada Batholith  California
Author: Paul C. Bateman,Geological Survey (U.S.)
Publsiher: Unknown
Total Pages: 218
Release: 1992
Genre: Batholiths
ISBN: UCBK:C049712790

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A study of the structure, composition, and pre-Tertiary history of the Sierra Nevada batholith in the Mariposa 1 by 2 quadrangle.