Modeling And Simulation In Biomedical Engineering Applications In Cardiorespiratory Physiology

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MODELING AND SIMULATING HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Written by a coinventor of the Human Patient Simulator (HPS) and past president of the Society in Europe for Simulation Applied to Medicine (SESAM), Modeling and Simulation in Biomedical Engineering: Applications in Cardiorespiratory Physiology is a compact and consistent introduction to this expanding field. The book divides the modeling and simulation process into five manageable steps--requirements, conceptual models, mathematical models, software implementation, and simulation results and validation. A framework and a basic set of deterministic, continuous-time models for the cardiorespiratory system are provided. This timely resource also addresses advanced topics, including sensitivity analysis and setting model requirements as part of an encompassing simulation and simulator design. Practical examples provide you with the skills to evaluate and adapt existing physiologic models or create new ones for specific applications. Coverage includes: Signals and systems Model requirements Conceptual models Mathematical models Software implementation Simulation results and model validation Cardiorespiratory system model Circulation Respiration Physiologic control Sensitivity analysis of a cardiovascular model Design of model-driven acute care training simulators “Uniquely qualified to author such a text, van Meurs is one of the original developers of CAE Healthcare’s Human Patient Simulator (HPS). ...His understanding of mathematics, human physiology, pharmacology, control systems, and systems engineering, combined with a conversational writing style, results in a readable text. ...The ample illustrations and tables also break up the text and make reading the book easier on the eyes. ...concise yet in conversational style, with real-life examples. This book is highly recommended for coursework in physiologic modeling and for all who are interested in simulator design and development. The book pulls all these topics together under one cover and is an important contribution to biomedical literature.” --IEEE Pulse, January 2014 “This book is written by a professional engineer who is unique in that he seems to have a natural understanding of 3 key areas as follows: the hardware involved with simulators, human physiology, and mathematical modeling. Willem van Meurs is one of the inventors of the model-driven human patient simulator (HPS), and so, he is very qualified to write this book. The book is written in a clear way, using the first person throughout, in a conversational manner, with a style that involves posing questions and answering them in subsequent text. ...The book starts with a very useful introduction and background chapter, setting out the scene for the rest of the book. ...I have used his book in enhancing my own talks and understanding human patient simulation and can strongly recommend it.” --Simulation in Healthcare December, 2012 Reviewed by Mark A. Tooley, Ph.D., Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, Royal United Hospital, Combe Park, Bath, UK.

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MODELING AND SIMULATING HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY Written by a coinventor of the Human Patient Simulator (HPS) and past president of the Society in Europe for Simulation Applied to Medicine (SESAM), Modeling and Simulation in Biomedical Engineering: Applications in Cardiorespiratory Physiology is a compact and consistent introduction to this expanding field. The book divides the modeling and simulation process into five manageable steps--requirements, conceptual models, mathematical models, software implementation, and simulation results and validation. A framework and a basic set of deterministic, continuous-time models for the cardiorespiratory system are provided. This timely resource also addresses advanced topics, including sensitivity analysis and setting model requirements as part of an encompassing simulation and simulator design. Practical examples provide you with the skills to evaluate and adapt existing physiologic models or create new ones for specific applications. Coverage includes: Signals and systems Model requirements Conceptual models Mathematical models Software implementation Simulation results and model validation Cardiorespiratory system model Circulation Respiration Physiologic control Sensitivity analysis of a cardiovascular model Design of model-driven acute care training simulators

The study of nonlinearities in physiology has been hindered by the lack of effective ways to obtain nonlinear dynamic models from stimulus-response data in a practical context. A considerable body of knowledge has accumulated over the last thirty years in this area of research. This book summarizes that progress, and details the most recent methodologies that offer practical solutions to this daunting problem. Implementation and application are discussed, and examples are provided using both synthetic and actual experimental data. This essential study of nonlinearities in physiology apprises researchers and students of the latest findings and techniques in the field.

This book comprehensively addresses the physics and engineering aspects of human physiology by using and building on first-year college physics and mathematics. Topics include the mechanics of the static body and the body in motion, the mechanical properties of the body, muscles in the body, the energetics of body metabolism, fluid flow in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the acoustics of sound waves in speaking and hearing, vision and the optics of the eye, the electrical properties of the body, and the basic engineering principles of feedback and control in regulating all aspects of function. The goal of this text is to clearly explain the physics issues concerning the human body, in part by developing and then using simple and subsequently more refined models of the macrophysics of the human body. Many chapters include a brief review of the underlying physics. There are problems at the end of each chapter; solutions to selected problems are also provided. This second edition enhances the treatments of the physics of motion, sports, and diseases and disorders, and integrates discussions of these topics as they appear throughout the book. Also, it briefly addresses physical measurements of and in the body, and offers a broader selection of problems, which, as in the first edition, are geared to a range of student levels. This text is geared to undergraduates interested in physics, medical applications of physics, quantitative physiology, medicine, and biomedical engineering.

The first edition of Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications (1995) was the first classroom text for undergraduates in the field. Now updated for the second time, this new edition features the latest advances in the field including material on expansion of the MLFE method using genetic algorithms, cognitive mapping, fuzzy agent-based models and total uncertainty. Redundant or obsolete topics have been removed, resulting in a more concise yet inclusive text that will ensure the book retains its broad appeal at the forefront of the literature. Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, 3rd Edition is oriented mainly towards methods and techniques. Every chapter has been revised, featuring new illustrations and examples throughout. Supporting MATLAB code is downloadable at www.wileyeurope.com/go/fuzzylogic. This will benefit student learning in all basic operations, the generation of membership functions, and the specialized applications in the latter chapters of the book, providing an invaluable tool for students as well as for self-study by practicing engineers.

A powerful story of how our nation's leaders overcame the odds, saving the American people from the throes of a deadly pandemic. The prior record for vaccine development and distribution was approximately 4.5 years. Operation Warp Speed got the COVID-19 vaccine to the American people in less than 10 months. Operation Warp Speed did not happen by accident. It was the result of exceptional leadership, explicit strategy, and unprecedented teamwork. Author Paul Mango, the foremost leader of Operation Warp Speed and the former deputy chief of US Health and Human Services, chronicles the challenges and real dangers of developing the vaccine. In this harrowing, behind-the-scenes account of the most successful public-private partnership since World War II, we learn how the nation's biggest leaders accomplished the impossible. Through sheer will and exceptional commitment, a small group of leaders fulfilled its mission, making the United States the only country in the world which could offer a vaccine to any citizen by April 2021, scarcely 14 months after the genetic identification of the virus.

This monograph provides and explains the mathematics behind geometric graph theory, which studies the properties of a graph that consists of nodes placed in Euclidean space so that edges can be added to connect points that are close to one another. For example, a collection of trees scattered in a forest and the disease that is passed between them, a set of nests of animals or birds on a region and the communication between them or communication between communications stations or nerve cells. Aimed at graduate students and researchers in probability, statistics, combinatorics and graph theory including computer scientists, it covers topics such as: technical tools, edge and component counts, vertex degrees, clique and chromatic number, and connectivity. Applications of this theory are used in the study of neural networks, spread of disease, astrophysics and spatial statistics.

I know that most men, including those at ease with the problems of the greatest complexity, can seldom accept even the simplest and most obvious truth if it be such as would oblige them to admit the falsity of conclusions which they have delighted in explaining to colleagues, which they have proudly taught to others, and which they have woven, thread by thread, into the fabric of their lives. Joseph Ford quoting Tolstoy (Gleick, 1987) We are used to thinking that natural objects have a certain form and that this form is determined by a characteristic scale. If we magnify the object beyond this scale, no new features are revealed. To correctly measure the properties of the object, such as length, area, or volume, we measure it at a resolution finer than the characteristic scale of the object. We expect that the value we measure has a unique value for the object. This simple idea is the basis of the calculus, Euclidean geometry, and the theory of measurement. However, Mandelbrot (1977, 1983) brought to the world's attention that many natural objects simply do not have this preconceived form. Many of the structures in space and processes in time of living things have a very different form. Living things have structures in space and fluctuations in time that cannot be characterized by one spatial or temporal scale. They extend over many spatial or temporal scales.