New Developments in Understanding Brain and Cerebromicrovascular Aging Toward Prevention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer s Disease

New Developments in Understanding Brain and Cerebromicrovascular Aging  Toward Prevention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer s Disease
Author: Stefano Tarantini,Prasad V. Katakam,William Sonntag,Mariagiovanna Cantone,Nicola Vanacore
Publsiher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2022-07-05
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9782889765072

Download New Developments in Understanding Brain and Cerebromicrovascular Aging Toward Prevention of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer s Disease Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Neuroimaging of Brain Structure Function Coupling Mechanism in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Neuroimaging of Brain Structure Function Coupling Mechanism in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Author: Junghun Cho,Han Lv,Lingfei Guo,Hongwei Wen,Jing Li
Publsiher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 222
Release: 2023-09-07
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9782832533321

Download Neuroimaging of Brain Structure Function Coupling Mechanism in Neuropsychiatric Disorders Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Cognitive Aging

Cognitive Aging
Author: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Public Health Dimensions of Cognitive Aging
Publsiher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 330
Release: 2015-07-21
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780309368650

Download Cognitive Aging Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health. Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.

Alzheimer s Turning Point

Alzheimer   s Turning Point
Author: Jack C. de la Torre
Publsiher: Springer
Total Pages: 256
Release: 2016-06-25
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9783319340579

Download Alzheimer s Turning Point Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

This compelling text provides an overview of the available technology for early detection and therapeutic management of vascular risk factors to Alzheimer’s before severe cognitive impairment symptoms appear. Chapters bring the reader from the trackless clinical research that has characterized Alzheimer’s progress for the last 20 years, to a nexus of new ideas and concepts that can change our outlook of this dementia. In-depth examinations of various hypotheses, preventive measures, current and prospective treatments are openly and clearly explored. The author discusses in depth his proposal of the vascular hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease which has become a mother-lode for basic and clinical studies and a key approach to the prevention of this dementia.Alzheimer’s Turning Point offers professionals, students and those looking to learn more about this disorder a fresh clinical perspective of this devastating disease.

Vascular Disease Alzheimer s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Vascular Disease  Alzheimer s Disease  and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Author: David J. Libon,Melissa Lamar,Rodney A. Swenson,Kenneth M. Heilman
Publsiher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 368
Release: 2020-01-23
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 9780190634247

Download Vascular Disease Alzheimer s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are commonly viewed as the first and second most common types of dementia, respectively. The traditional paradigm has been to view and treat each illness as a separate entity with a separate pathophysiology. However, clinical and pathological studies suggest that the boundary separating AD and VaD, as well as their mild cognitive impairment (MCI) analogs, is not well defined. Thus, there is increased interest in viewing these diseases along a spectrum because of the significant overlap in the characterization and diagnosis of AD, VaD, and MCI. The focus of this edited volume is to examine how AD and VaD, as well as their MCI analogs, are best viewed as a heterogeneous, intersecting, if not a continuous disease state rather than separate, distinct entities. This book examines this approach by providing empirically based evidence, reviews of the literature, and chapters by key leaders in the field and will be of interest to clinical neuropsychologists and anyone studying or treating dementia in its many forms.

Brain Networks in Aging Reorganization and Modulation by Interventions

Brain Networks in Aging  Reorganization and Modulation by Interventions
Author: Junfeng Sun,Chunbo Li
Publsiher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 170
Release: 2018-02-22
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9782889454167

Download Brain Networks in Aging Reorganization and Modulation by Interventions Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Old adults undertake multiple reduced cognitive abilities in aging, which are accompanied with specific brain reorganization in forms of regional brain activity and brain tissues, inter-region connectivity, and topology of whole brain networks in both function and structure. The plasticity changes of brain activities in old adults are explained by the mechanisms of compensation and dedifferentiation. For example, older adults have been observed to have greater, usually bilateral, prefrontal activities during memory tasks compared to the typical unilateral prefrontal activities in younger adults, which was explained as a compensation for the reduced brain activities in visual processing cortices. Dedifferentiation is another mechanism to explain that old adults are with much less selective and less distinct activity in task-relevant brain regions compared with younger adults. A larger number of studies have examined the plasticity changes of brain from the perspective of regional brain activities. However, studies on only regional brain activities cannot fully elucidate the neural mechanisms of reduced cognitive abilities in aging, as multiple regions are integrated together to achieve advanced cognitive function in human brain. In recent years, brain connectivity/network, which targets how brain regions are integrated, have drawn increasing attention in neuroscience with the development of neuroimaging techniques and graph theoretical analysis. Connectivity quantifies functional association or neural fibers between two regions that may be spatially far separated, and graph theoretical analysis of brain network examines the complex interactions among multiple regions from the perspective of topology. Studies showed that compared to younger adults, older adults had altered strength of task-relevant functional connectivity between specific brain regions in cognitive tasks, and the alternation of connectivity are correlated to behavior performance. For example, older adults had weaker functional connectivity between the premotor cortex and a region in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in a working memory task. Interventions like cognitive training and neuro-modulation (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation) have been shown to be promising in regaining or retaining the decreasing cognitive abilities in aging. However, only few neuroimaging studies have examined the influence of interventions to old adult’s brain activity, connectivity, and cognitive performance. This Research Topic calls for contributions on brain network of subjects in normal aging or with age-related diseases like mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. The studies are expected to be based on neuroimaging techniques including but not limited to functional magnetic resonance imaging, Electroencephalography, and diffusion tensor imaging, and contributions on the influence of interventions to brain networks in aging are highly encouraged. All these studies would enrich our understanding of neural mechanisms underlying aging, and offer new insights for developing possible interventions to retain cognitive abilities in aging subjects.

Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Clinical Practice

Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Clinical Practice
Author: Lars-Olof Wahlund,Timo Erkinjuntti,Serge Gauthier
Publsiher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2009-02-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 9780521875370

Download Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Clinical Practice Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Vascular cognitive impairment is the second most common cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease and is expected to grow in prevalence with the aging global population. The purpose of this authoritative book is to give a broad clinical perspective on vascular cognitive impairment and thus create a foundation for the implementation of good dementia care. The book focuses on pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. It demonstrates the underlying causes of the disorder, such as the manner in which vascular risk-factors influence the onset of vascular cognitive impairment. The concept of mixed forms of vascular dementia, Alzheimer's dementia and other vascular diseases is discussed as well as the influence of vascular changes with regard to the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The detailed section on pathophysiology will enhance clinicians' understanding of this complex disorder. Finally there is a section on pharmacological and neuropsychological treatment of cognitive and psychiatric symptoms.

Vascular Dementia

Vascular Dementia
Author: John Meyer,Gaiane Rauch,Helmut Lechner,Carlo Loeb
Publsiher: Wiley-Blackwell
Total Pages: 310
Release: 2001-01-17
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0879934255

Download Vascular Dementia Book in PDF, Epub and Kindle

Vascular dementia (VAD) accounts for one-third of all dementias in today''s aging population, second only to Alzheimer's disease (DAT). Fortunately, current imaging techniques allow clinicians to view specific lesions in the brain, classify them by etiology and anatomical location, and assess changes using serial imaging, while at the same time correlating those changes with signs and symptoms of VAD or DAT. In 17 chapters, this book summarizes new concepts concerning the epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, neuropathology and pathogenesis of VAD and DAT, and mixtures of the two, and reviews their multiple causes, including microvascular and hemorrhagic lesions, and ischemic and inflammatory changes affecting both white and gray matter.