Principles Of The Gravitational Method

This self-contained monograph gives a thorough introduction to the theory of gravity which is used as the basis for developing applications in exploration and geodesy. In addition, a survey of gravity instrumentation is given, with emphasis on the theory of underlying these instruments. The book finishes with an exposition of forward modeling and inverston, again emphasizing fundamental principles. *Surveys gravity instrumentation with emphasis on the theory of why certain instrumentation is used *Presents thorough developments of the theory of gravity to aid in creating applications in exploration and geodesy *Emphasizes the fundamental principles of forward modeling and inversion in the gravitational method

Anyone who compares the present thoroughly revised and enlarged edition of this book with the three previous ones, the first of which was published in 1962, may well ask whether the principles of applied geophysics have become more numerous during the last 25 years or so. Such is not the case and the much larger size of the present edition is due to the principles' having been explained in greater detail than heretofore. There are major and minor alterations, additions and emendations, too numerous to be listed here, throughout the book but I would like to draw attention specifically to some of them. The chapter on seismic methods is now far more extensive than before and so are also the chapters on electric and electromagnetic methods. There is also a separate chapter on well logging in oil fields giving the essential ideas. Considering the virtual plethora of available books on seismic methods and on well logging I have not thought it necessary to extend these chapters further. This has enabled me to keep the book to a reasonable length and at the same time retain its fairly comprehensive character. Other features of the present edition are solved examples in the text and the problems at the end of all principal chapters. Answers and hints to the latter are given at the end of the book.

This textbook provides an introduction to gravitational lensing, which has become an invaluable tool in modern astrophysics, with applications that range from finding planets orbiting distant stars to understanding how dark matter and dark energy conspired to form the cosmic structures we see today. Principles of Gravitational Lensing begins with Einstein’s prediction that gravity bends light, and shows how that fundamental idea has spawned a rich field of study over the past century. The gravitational deflection of light was first detected by Eddington during a solar eclipse in May 1919, launching Einstein and his theory of relativity into public view. Yet the possibility of using the phenomenon to unlock mysteries of the Universe seemed remote, given the technology of the day. Theoretical work was carried out sporadically over the next six decades, but only with the discovery of the system Q0957+561 in 1979 was gravitational lensing transformed from a curiosity of general relativity into a practical observational tool. This book describes how the three subfields known as strong lensing, weak lensing, and microlensing have grown independently but become increasingly intertwined. Drawing on their research experience, Congdon and Keeton begin with the basic physics of light bending, then present the mathematical foundations of gravitational lensing, building up to current research topics in a clear and systematic way. Relevant background material from physics and mathematics is included, making the book self-contained. The derivations and explanations are supplemented by exercises designed to help students master the theoretical concepts as well as the methods that drive current research. An extensive bibliography guides those wishing to delve more deeply into particular areas of interest. Principles of Gravitational Lensing is ideal for advanced students and seasoned researchers looking to penetrate this thriving subject and even contribute research of their own.