Studies To Combat Covid 19 Using Science And Engineering

This unique book provides excellent examples of ongoing, leading-edge research related to viruses, especially COVID-19. It is written from the viewpoint of various scientific fields including materials science. It introduces and describes viruses (submicroscopic infectious agents that replicate inside the living cells of an organism), various infections caused by viruses (human to human, human to other organisms to humans, humans to materials to humans, etc.), not only from the viewpoint of medical research but also from other scientific disciplines. A major focus of the book is the COVID-19 virus. Highlighted topics include the evolution of COVID-19, transmission of virus particles through the air, virus spread through various materials, detection of the virus by testing wastewater, the development and testing of vaccines and therapeutic drugs, and the preparation for future viruses and pandemics. This includes reform in funeral services to properly and safely accommodate very large numbers of bodies in a pandemic, like those seen in New York City when it was the epicenter for the virus in the United States. This book serves as an excellent and very informative guide (practical book) for engineers and researchers of various backgrounds and as a great academic textbook.

The spring of 2020 marked a change in how almost everyone conducted their personal and professional lives, both within science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine (STEMM) and beyond. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global scientific conferences and individual laboratories and required people to find space in their homes from which to work. It blurred the boundaries between work and non-work, infusing ambiguity into everyday activities. While adaptations that allowed people to connect became more common, the evidence available at the end of 2020 suggests that the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic endangered the engagement, experience, and retention of women in academic STEMM, and may roll back some of the achievement gains made by women in the academy to date. Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic STEMM identifies, names, and documents how the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the careers of women in academic STEMM during the initial 9-month period since March 2020 and considers how these disruptions - both positive and negative - might shape future progress for women. This publication builds on the 2020 report Promising Practices for Addressing the Underrepresentation of Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine to develop a comprehensive understanding of the nuanced ways these disruptions have manifested. Impact of COVID-19 on the Careers of Women in Academic STEMM will inform the academic community as it emerges from the pandemic to mitigate any long-term negative consequences for the continued advancement of women in the academic STEMM workforce and build on the adaptations and opportunities that have emerged.

Biomedical Engineering Tools for Management of Patients with COVID-19 presents biomedical engineering tools under research (and in development) that can be used for the management of COVID-19 patients, along with BME tools in the global environment that curtail and prevent the spread of the virus. BME tools covered in the book include new disinfectants and sterilization equipment, testing devices for rapid and accurate COVID-19 diagnosis, Internet of Things applications in COVID-19 hospitals, analytics, Data Science and statistical modeling applied to COVID-19 tracking, Smart City instruments and applications, and more. Later sections discuss smart tools in telemedicine and e-health. Biomedical engineering tools can provide engineers, computer scientists, clinicians and other policymakers with solutions for managing patient treatment, applying data analysis techniques, and applying tools to help the general population curtail spread of the virus. Provides leading-edge biomedical engineering tools and techniques for the treatment of patients with the COVID-19 virus Integrates a variety of case studies as a resource for COVID-19 researchers and clinicians around the world, including both positive and negative research findings Provides insights into innovative Biomedical Engineering techniques and devices from COVID-19 researchers around the world

Intelligent Modeling, Prediction, and Diagnosis from Epidemiological Data: COVID-19 and Beyond is a handy treatise to elicit and elaborate possible intelligent mechanisms for modeling, prediction, diagnosis, and early detection of diseases arising from outbreaks of different epidemics with special reference to COVID-19. Starting with a formal introduction of the human immune systems, this book focuses on the epidemiological aspects with due cognizance to modeling, prevention, and diagnosis of epidemics. In addition, it also deals with evolving decisions on post-pandemic socio-economic structure. The book offers a comprehensive coverage of the most essential topics, including: A general overview of pandemics and their outbreak behavior A detailed overview of CI techniques Intelligent modeling, prediction, and diagnostic measures for pandemics Prognostic models Post-pandemic socio-economic structure The accompanying case studies are based on available real-world data sets. While other books may deal with this COVID-19 pandemic, none features topics covering the human immune system as well as influences on the environmental disorder due to the ongoing pandemic. The book is primarily intended to benefit medical professionals and healthcare workers as well as the virologists who are essentially the frontline fighters of this pandemic. In addition, it also serves as a vital resource for relevant researchers in this interdisciplinary field as well as for tutors and postgraduate and undergraduate students of information sciences.

Researches and Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Mitigate Pandemics: History, Diagnostic Tools, Epidemiology, Healthcare, and Technology offers readers an interdisciplinary view of state-of-art research related to the COVID-19 outbreak, with a focus on tactics employed to model the number of cases of COVID-19 (time series modeling), models employed to diagnostics COVID-19 based on images, and the panoramic of COVID-19 since its discovery and up to this book's publication. This book showcases the algorithms and models available to manage pandemic data, the role of AI, IoT and Mathematical Modeling, how to prevent and fight COVID-19, and the existing medical, social and pharmaceutical support. Chapters cover methods and protocols, the basics and history of diseases, the fast diagnosis of disease with different automated algorithms and artificial intelligence tools and techniques, the methods of handling epidemiology for mitigating the spread of disease, artificial intelligence and mathematical modeling techniques, and how mental and physical health is affected with social media usage. Explains novel and hybrid high quality artificial intelligence methodologies, techniques, algorithms, architectures, tools and methods to cope with pandemics Covers rapid point-of-care diagnostics, presents details on varied mathematical models developed to control epidemiology, and lists existing measures to disseminate the spread of infection using computational methods Highlights the negative effect of social media and other sources by applying preventive measures to combat depression and anxiety

This reference text discusses the potential of efficient R&D management during times of pandemic crisis and how it can provide time-bound real-life deliverables to ward-off the contamination-linked vulnerability aspects of social interaction. It discusses important topics including mechanical ventilator with oxygen enrichment, hospital waste management facility, hospital care assistive robotic devices, implementation of smart manufacturing, special purpose machines, micro machining, 3D printing, disposal of plastic waste utilizing high temperature plasma, automatic biomass briquetting plant, and fully automatic biodiesel plant. Features: Discusses novel technological innovations developed especially to effectively counter pandemics such as COVID 19. Explores how R&D modelling of technology can be interspersed with socio-economic values. Covers how innovative technological solutions can be developed as per the situational requisites and deployed in the least possible time to make maximum impact. Discusses industrial manufacturing and automation techniques. The text will be useful for graduate students, and academic researchers working in diverse areas such as mechanical engineering, industrial engineering, production engineering, manufacturing science, and automobile engineering. It covers influences of Pandemics on water and sanitation services, floating capsule-based biofilm reactor (FCBBR) methodology, and innovative segregation of waste through a mechanized model.

Data Science for COVID-19 presents leading-edge research on data science techniques for the detection, mitigation, treatment and elimination of COVID-19. Sections provide an introduction to data science for COVID-19 research, considering past and future pandemics, as well as related Coronavirus variations. Other chapters cover a wide range of Data Science applications concerning COVID-19 research, including Image Analysis and Data Processing, Geoprocessing and tracking, Predictive Systems, Design Cognition, mobile technology, and telemedicine solutions. The book then covers Artificial Intelligence-based solutions, innovative treatment methods, and public safety. Finally, readers will learn about applications of Big Data and new data models for mitigation. Provides a leading-edge survey of Data Science techniques and methods for research, mitigation and treatment of the COVID-19 virus Integrates various Data Science techniques to provide a resource for COVID-19 researchers and clinicians around the world, including both positive and negative research findings Provides insights into innovative data-oriented modeling and predictive techniques from COVID-19 researchers Includes real-world feedback and user experiences from physicians and medical staff from around the world on the effectiveness of applied Data Science solutions

Environmental and Health Management of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) examines mitigation measures that can be adopted at the time of a novel coronavirus outbreak to lessen environmental contamination and impacts on human health. The book discusses origin, structure and pathogenesis, epidemiology, environmental transmission and the potential spread routes of COVID-19 via surfaces, air, water, wastewater, medical waste and food products. It also covers guidelines and protocols for setting safety conditions to provide adequate health care and reduce the risk of infection in health and non-healthcare settings, along with preventative measures and disinfection technologies. In addition, the book discusses challenges, opportunities and future perspectives, the global crisis, and global consequences on the environment and health. With contributions from experts, this book presents a multidisciplinary reference resource for virologists, microbiologists, public health professionals, environmental health managers and others engaged in the study and mitigation of the environmental and health impacts of the virus. Covers the environmental transmission and spread of COVID-19 Includes environmental disinfection technologies for prevention of COVID-19 Provides guidelines, standards and protocols related to COVID-19