The Hybrid Rule

The Hybrid Rule
Author: Quinn Loftis
Publsiher: Quinn Loftis Books, LLC
Total Pages: 313
Release: 2023-03-28
Genre: Fiction
ISBN: PKEY:6610000419432

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So many impossibly powerful foes have opposed the wolves and their allies over the years. Evil witches, warlocks, fae, elves, and alphas, just to name a few. And all have found the pack too strong to break. But the foe hellbent on taking down the pack now—the vampire king, Cain—has a plan that might finally tip the balance of power away from the wolves. In the middle of the desert, Cain works desperately to find a way to mix the blood of wolves and vampires. While most find the idea reprehensible, Cain believes it is the key to his victory. He imagines an army of unstoppable hybrids with the combined power of the vampires and the Canis lupus. Such a force would be unstoppable, even for the powerful of alpha of alphas, Fane Lupei. And Cain just might have found the secret ingredient necessary to bring his plans to fruition.

HYBRID RULE IN PAKISTAN

HYBRID RULE IN PAKISTAN
Author: Anonim
Publsiher: Unknown
Total Pages: 135
Release: 2021
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9694026350

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Combination of beliefs on hybrid DSm models

Combination of beliefs on hybrid DSm models
Author: Jean Dezert,Florentin Smarandache
Publsiher: Infinite Study
Total Pages: 44
Release: 2024
Genre: Electronic Book
ISBN: 9182736450XXX

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This chapter presents a general method for combining uncertain and paradoxical (i.e. highly conflicting) sources of evidence for a wide class of fusion problems. From the foundations of the DSmT we show how the DSm rule of combination can be extended to take into account all possible integrity constraints (if any) of the problem under consideration due to the true nature of elements/concepts involved into it.

Hybrid Financial Instruments Double Non Taxation and Linking Rules

Hybrid Financial Instruments  Double Non Taxation and Linking Rules
Author: Félix Daniel Martínez Laguna
Publsiher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Total Pages: 685
Release: 2019-06-12
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9789403510842

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Hybrid Financial Instruments, Double Non-taxation and Linking Rules Félix Daniel Martínez Laguna Hybrid financial instruments (HFIs) are widespread ordinary financial instruments that combine debt and equity features in their terms and design and may lead to double non-taxation across borders. This important book provides a deeply informed and critical analysis and guide to the “linking rules” developed to combat double non-taxation stemming from HFIs within the framework of the Base Erosion and Profit Shifting project of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the anti-avoidance initiatives of the European Union (EU). These complex rules have now become essential in international taxation. The book deals incisively with crucial theoretical and practical issues as the following: Economic and legal reasons for financing business activity through debt instruments, equity instruments and/or HFIs. Qualification of financial instruments from different perspectives such as economics, corporate finance, corporate law, financial accounting law, regulatory law and tax law and their interrelation. The concept of double non-taxation as a mere outcome of parallel exercises of sovereignty by different states and the role it plays within the international debate. The concepts of tax planning, tax avoidance and the misleading concept of aggressive tax planning within a tax competition international scenario and their relation with HFIs. Comprehensive policy, legal and technical detail and explanation of the linking rules proposed by the OECD (i.e., BEPS Project Action 2) and the EU (e.g., Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive). The (in)compatibility of linking rules with existing tax treaty rules and EU primary law. The author refers throughout to relevant model convention provisions, EU case law and a vast number of references of official documentation and literature. With its detailed attention to the concept and legal nature of HFIs and double non-taxation, the critical and comprehensive analysis of the linking rules developed by the OECD and the EU, this provocative book allows to reconsider the legality of these linking rules and will quickly become a much-used problem-solving resource for policymakers, tax practitioners, tax authorities and tax academics. This book allows to rethink whether linking rules relate to a solution or create actual legal issues.

Hybrid Rule and State Formation

Hybrid Rule and State Formation
Author: Shelley Hurt,Ronnie Lipschutz
Publsiher: Routledge
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2015-06-26
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9781317614630

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Neoliberalism has been the reigning ideology of our era. For the past four decades, almost every real-world event of any consequence has been traced to the supposedly omnipresent influence of neoliberalism. Instead, this book argues that states across the world have actually grown in scope and reach. The authors in this volume contest the view that the past three decades have been marked by the diminution of the state in the face of neoliberalism. They argue instead that we are witnessing a new phase of state formation, which revolves around hybrid rule—that is, a more expansive form of state formation that works through privatization and seeks pacification and depoliticization as instrumental to enhancing state power. Contributors argue that that the process of hybridization, and hybrid rule point towards a convergence on a more authoritarian capitalist regime type, possibly, but not necessarily, more closely aligned with the Beijing model—one toward which even the United States, with its penchant for surveillance and discipline, appears to be moving. This volume will shed new light on evolving public-private relations, and the changing nature of power and political authority in the 21st century and will be of interest to students and scholars of IPE, international relations and political theory.

Hybrid Entities in Tax Treaty Law

Hybrid Entities in Tax Treaty Law
Author: Sriram Govind,Jean-Philippe Van West
Publsiher: Linde Verlag GmbH
Total Pages: 696
Release: 2020-09-03
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9783709410752

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Tax treaty law and EU tax law in connection with hybrid entities Hybrid entities have traditionally been used as an avenue for international tax planning, and extending benefits under tax treaties to such entities has been a source of controversy for many years now. Although the OECD Partnership Report provided solid policy footing on this issue, there was still no common legal basis that countries could rely on for such positions. The increasing focus of countries towards the curbing of tax avoidance and abuse involving hybrid mismatch arrangements culminated in a specific action plan in the BEPS Project being dedicated to the design of domestic rules and the development of treaty provisions that would neutralize the tax effects of such arrangements. This volume provides an in-depth analysis of various aspects of this topic. It is divided into two parts – the first dealing exclusively with tax treaty issues arising in connection with hybrid entities and the second dealing with EU tax law issues surrounding hybrid entities. The former part comprises chapters analysing how tax treaties have historically dealt with this issue with a focus on domestic court jurisprudence, the positions in the OECD and the UN Model Conventions, the developments that have come about owing to the BEPS Project, and the impact of several existing measures, regimes, and vehicles on these tax treaty provisions. The latter part comprises chapters on how hybrid entities are dealt with under primary EU law, under various secondary law directives including the newly enacted Anti-Tax Avoidance Directives, and an analysis of policy solutions offered in this direction.

Hybrid Logic and its Proof Theory

Hybrid Logic and its Proof Theory
Author: Torben Braüner
Publsiher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 231
Release: 2010-11-17
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 9789400700024

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This is the first book-length treatment of hybrid logic and its proof-theory. Hybrid logic is an extension of ordinary modal logic which allows explicit reference to individual points in a model (where the points represent times, possible worlds, states in a computer, or something else). This is useful for many applications, for example when reasoning about time one often wants to formulate a series of statements about what happens at specific times. There is little consensus about proof-theory for ordinary modal logic. Many modal-logical proof systems lack important properties and the relationships between proof systems for different modal logics are often unclear. In the present book we demonstrate that hybrid-logical proof-theory remedies these deficiencies by giving a spectrum of well-behaved proof systems (natural deduction, Gentzen, tableau, and axiom systems) for a spectrum of different hybrid logics (propositional, first-order, intensional first-order, and intuitionistic).

Applications and Science in Soft Computing

Applications and Science in Soft Computing
Author: Ahmad Lotfi
Publsiher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 360
Release: 2004-01-22
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3540408568

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The book covers the theory and application of soft computing techniques namely; neural networks, fuzzy logic, evolutionary computing and complex systems. The book is a collection of selected, edited papers presented at the 4th conference RACS Recent Advances in Soft Computing held in Nottingham, December 2002. It provides the latest developments in applications of soft computing techniques as well as advances in theoretical aspects of soft computing.