Unshackling India

As India enters its seventy-fifth year of independence, conventional policy is unlikely to combat the breadth of its economic challenges. Across a range of areas-human capital, technology, agriculture, finance, trade, public service delivery and more-new ideas must now be on the table. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only cost India many lives and livelihoods, it has also exposed major structural weaknesses in the economy. A huge farm and jobs crisis, rising and massive inequalities, tepid investment growth, and chronic banking sector challenges have plagued the economy, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It has also exposed the limitations of the Indian state, which tries to control too much-and ends up stifling the economy and the inherent energies of its young population. Climate change is no longer a distant threat, while disruptive technology has huge implications for India's demographic dividend. In addition, the dangerous lurch towards majoritarianism will cast its shadow on India's pursuit of prosperity for all. Unshackling India examines the question: Can India use the next twenty-five years, when it will reach the hundredth year of independence, to restructure not only its economy but rejuvenate its democratic energy and unshackle its potential-to become a genuinely developed economy by 2047? The book argues that India can foster a prosperous and inclusive economy if it sets its mind to it, acknowledges the hard truths, and lays out the clear choices and new ideas India must adopt towards that end.

A remarkable, first-ever collection of 35 essays on India's future, by a diverse set of authors - activists, researchers, media practitioners, those who have influenced policies and those working at the grassroots. This book brings together scenarios of an India that is politically and socially egalitarian, radically democratic, economically sustainable and equitable, and socio-culturally diverse and harmonious. Alternative Futures: India Unshackled covers a wide range of issues, organized under four sections. It explores ecological futures including environmental governance, biodiversity conservation, water and energy. Next, it envisions political futures including those of democracy and power, law, ideology, and India's role in the globe. A number of essays then look at economic futures, including agriculture, pastoralism, industry, crafts, villages and cities, localization, markets, transportation and technology. Finally, it explores socio-cultural futures, encompassing languages, learning and education, knowledge, health, sexuality and gender, and marginalized sections like dalits, adivasis, and religious minorities. Introductory and concluding essays tie these diverse visions together. Most essays include both futuristic scenarios and present initiatives that demonstrate the possibility of such futures. At a time when India faces increasing polarization along parochial, physical and mental boundaries, these essays provide a breath of fresh air and hope in the grounded possibilities for an alternative, decentralized, eco-culturally centred future. The essays range from the dreamy-eyed to the hard-headed, from the provocative to the gently persuasive. This book would hold appeal for a wide range of readers - youth, academics, development professionals, policy makers, government officials, activists, people's movements, media persons, business persons - concerned about the current state of India and the world, and willing to engage critically in the collective search for a better future.

This is the journey of a person who hated the word ‘Sanghi’ but ended up happily adopting it as a label. Rahul Roushan shot to fame around 2009–10 as the ‘Pagal Patrakar’, the pseudonym he used while writing for Faking News. Back then he was seen just as a founder-editor of the news satire website with no special interest in politics or ideology. The first time Rahul Roushan was called a Sanghi, he felt deeply offended. After all, he held a Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics from Patna University, a post-graduate diploma in journalism from IIMC in New Delhi, an MBA from IIM Ahmedabad and was a self-made media entrepreneur. Sanghi literally means someone who is a member of the right-wing RSS (Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh) or its affiliates, but the ‘liberals’ use the term liberally to deride those who differ with their political and ideological stand, or those who wear Hinduism on their sleeves. This book analyses why Hindutva as an ideology is no longer anathema and what brought about this change. Why did a country that was ruled for decades by people espousing Nehruvian secularism suddenly began to align with the ‘communal politics’ of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)? The book is the story of this transformation. This is not an autobiography, though it could read like one in parts. It is not even a collection of intellectual essays, though it could read like one in parts. It is the retelling of some historical events and how those events impacted the journey of Rahul Roushan and countless people like him. The book looks at factors like education, media, technology and obviously, electoral politics, which played a key role in this transformation.

India rightly aspires to be an upper middle-income economy with its vast workforce gainfully employed to have a decent standard of living. This, however, is a challenging proposition as India continues to grapple with major economic policy issues. This book presents a wide-angled and comprehensive view of the state of the Indian economy. It thematically explores the critical policy issues India faces today and suggests reforms for India to become a ten trillion economy by the mid-2030s. It analyses India's macro-economy in the light of its evolution since Independence and covers the performance of the Indian economy on macro parameters of growth, inflation, monetary management, credit management, foreign capital inflows, fiscal management and other important macro-economic fundamentals. Covering major sectors of the economy such as agriculture, industry and services, the book also captures the march of the digital economy in India.

'What is India's future? I deeply believe in India's promise, in our potential for great achievement. I am also old enough to appreciate our ability to snatch failure from the jaws of success.' THE PROMISE: Our diverse culture has something for everyone. Our young population is thirsty for education and achievement. And a strong private sector is our engine of growth. We can lead the world in the future. THE STRUGGLE: We struggle to create a business-friendly environment. We lag in innovation. Education, public health and quality of jobs demand attention. Our governments control some things too much and neglect others. How can the government, citizens and firms turn our struggle into promise and enable India to lead? How can we fix things by learning from best practices elsewhere? How can we ensure openness, inclusivity and innovation? How can independent institutions make up for low state capacity? How can our culture deliver leadership? In The Struggle and the Promise, Naushad Forbes answers these and other critical questions concerning India's progress. He provides a logical, actionable blueprint for getting the balance right between industry, institutions and policy. Backed by rigorous research and copious data, here's a book that shows how to fulfil India's potential.

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"India's surge in high, well-sustained economic growth captured the world's attention for much of the period from the 1990s to the early 2010s. Often paired with China as being at the leading edge of emerging economies, the last few years have witnessed shortfalls in India's performance, which have also occurred in the cases of other "BRICS," namely, Brazil, Russia, and South Africa. India is now facing a possible fiscal crisis, higher inflation, greater concentration of economic wealth, and a slowdown in productivity. While its business sector remains vigorous, the Indian state has not yet found a viable way to fund food subsidies or come to grips with the costs of its employment guarantee program. Corruption also hinders growth at many turns. All these factors bring into question how feasible or wise it is for India to pursue a path toward global political power rather than concentrate on improved economic engagement worldwide. Dr. Joshi believes India's economic problems are serious and systemic, not a temporary blip. His analysis sets forth that the only way the country can truly prosper is to find the means to return to the earlier levels of growth through massive economic reform. This policy reorientation calls for eliminating price controls as well as both explicit and hidden subsidies to industries, introduction of direct cash transfers to the poor in place of the state's own costly production of goods and services, and an aggressive move toward privatization rather than over-reliance on family firms and widely-held corporations. Without these, the requisites of economic stability cannot be fully established, let alone propel significant growth"--