Acoustical Imaging

The 29th International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging was held in Shonan Village, Kanagawa, Japan, April 15-18, 2007. This interdisciplinary Symposium has been taking place every two years since 1968 and forms a unique forum for advanced research, covering new technologies, developments, methods and theories in all areas of acoustics. In the course of the years the volumes in the Acoustical Imaging Series have developed and become well-known and appreciated reference works. Offering both a broad perspective on the state-of-the-art in the field as well as an in-depth look at its leading edge research, this Volume 29 in the Series contains again an excellent collection of seventy papers presented in nine major categories: (1) Strain Imaging, (2) Biological and Medical Applications, (3) Acoustic Microscopy, (4) Non-Destructive Evaluation and Industrial Applications, (5) Components and Systems, (6) Geophysics and Underwater Imaging, (7) Physics and Mathematics, (8) Medical Image Analysis, (9) FDTD method and Other Numerical Simulations.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the Thirteenth Inter national Symposium on Acoustical Imaging which was held in Minneapolis, Minnesota during October 26-28, 1983. Forty-eight research papers were presented during the meeting by researchers from twelve countries, again demonstrating the true international character of these meetings. Of these presentations this volume contains forty-two complete manuscripts. The abstracts for addi tional papers that were not available at publication time are also included. According to the recent tradition of these symposia an inter disciplinary program under the general theme of acoustical imaging was organized. This can clearly be observed from the wide range of topics and approaches contained in the following manuscripts. There are papers of mathematical nature dealing with the basis of image formation and algorithms for digitally carrying out specific imaging tasks. One finds manuscripts dealing with the design and construction of imaging transducers as well as complete imaging systems. Applications include medical imaging and nondestructive testing, seismic and underwater imaging. This volume, therefore, should be of interest to active researchers in acoustical imaging as a report on current research and to workers in signal process ing, sonics and ultrasonics who are interested in exploring the diverse areas of application for their fields of interest. These proceedings are organized in seven topical sections, paral leling the sessions of the conference. These are: Inversion and Tomography, Microscopy, Scattering and Propagation, Tissue and Material Characterization, Signal Processing, Transducers and Arrays, Imaging Systems and Special Techniques.

The technology of acoustical imaging has advanced rapidly over the last sixty years, and now represents a sophisticated technique applied to a wide range of fields including non-destructive testing, medical imaging, underwater imaging and SONAR, and geophysical exploration. Acoustical Imaging: Techniques and Applications for Engineers introduces the basic physics of acoustics and acoustical imaging, before progressing to more advanced topics such as 3D and 4D imaging, elasticity theory, gauge invariance property of acoustic equation of motion and acoustic metamaterials. The author draws together the different technologies in sonar, seismic and ultrasound imaging, highlighting the similarities between topic areas and their common underlying theory. Key features: Comprehensively covers all of the important applications of acoustical imaging. Introduces the gauge invariance property of acoustic equation of motion, with applications in the elastic constants of isotropic solids, time reversal acoustics, negative refraction, double negative acoustical metamaterial and acoustical cloaking. Contains up to date treatments on latest theories of sound propagation in random media, including statistical treatment and chaos theory. Includes a chapter devoted to new acoustics based on metamaterials, a field founded by the author, including a new theory of elasticity and new theory of sound propagation in solids and fluids and tremendous potential in several novel applications. Covers the hot topics on acoustical imaging including time reversal acoustics, negative refraction and acoustical cloaking. Acoustical Imaging: Techniques and Applications for Engineers is a comprehensive reference on acoustical imaging and forms a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, senior undergraduate and graduate students.

This book first introduced the theoretical foundation of nonlinear acoustics such as the basic equations of nonlinear acoustics followed by a statistical mechanics approach to nonlinear acoustics, then a curvilinear spacetime approach to nonlinear acoustics, then a gauge invariance approach to nonlinear acoustics, and application of chaos theory to nonlinear acoustics. Various formats of nonlinear acoustical imaging are given such as B/A nonlinear parameter acoustical imaging, fractal imaging, harmonics imaging, nonclassical nonlinear acoustical imaging, and modulation method in nonlinear acoustical imaging with their applications.

The origin ofthe International Acoustical Imaging Symposium series can be traced to 1967, when a meeting on acoustical holography was held in C alifornia. In those days, acoustical holography was at the leading edge of research but, as the importance of this subject waned, so the title of the series was changed from Acoustical Holography to Acoustical Imaging in 1978. The early Symposia were held at various venues in the United States. In 1980. the series became international, with the Symposium that year taking place in Cannes in France. The pattern now is to try to met alternately in the USA and in another part of the world so that active researchers everywhere can conveniently attend at a reasonably high frequency. It was a great privilege for us in Bristol in the United Kingdom to be chosen to host the 25th Symposium, which convened on 19 March 2000 and spread over four days. We were blessed not only by good weather, but also by the attendance ofnearly 100 pa rticipants who came from 17 c ountries. A large number of papers were accepted for presentation, either orally or as posters. Whether an oral presentation or a poster, all were considered to have equal merit, and no distinction is made between them in the published proceedings. There were no parallel sessions, so every participant could attend every presentation. The re sultant disciplinary cross fertilisation maintained the t radition of past Symposia.

This volume contains the Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging, held in Key Biscayne, Miami, Florida May 29th to June 2nd, 1978. The title of the Symposium was changed again this year by dropping the word "Holography" to reflect the further emphasis on the general imaging aspects of the Symposium and the de-emphasis on the Holographic aspects. Because of this continued changing nature of the Symposium Series this volume has undergone the title change from ACOUSTICAL HOLOGRAPHY to ACOUSTICAL IMAGING. The 47 papers presented here illustrate the continued growth in this dynamic field. There has been a large emphasis on Array Technology as well as Underwater Applications, Seismic Applications, Transducers, New Methods, Acoustic Microscopy, Non-destructive Testing, Computer Tomography Techniques, Medical Applications as well as Tissue Characterization. The meeting was a great success and a stimulating experience for all concerned due principally to the enthusiasm and contrib utions of all of the authors represented here. The editor wishes to extend his appreciation and thanks to each and everyone of them. The editor also wishes to thank the members of the Program Committee who helped in selecting the papers and giving their able advice on the details of the meeting. The Program Committee con sisted of Pierre Alais, University of Paris, Byron B. Brendon, Holosonics, Inc. , C. B. Burckhardt, Hoffman-LaRoche and Co. , Basle, Switzerland, Philip S. Green, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, California, B. P.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging at the Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany during April 3 -5, 1991. It was the first time that the symposium was held in Europe after major political changes happened in that area. The freedom to travel for all people from eastern European countries was an obvious reason for the great numbers of sub mitted abstracts and for numerous conference participants. 193 of 239 submitted contributions from 29 countries were accepted for presentation by authors from USA (13%), Canada (2%), Japan (7%), Peoples Republic of China (7%), United Kingdom (4%), France (7%), Italy (3%), Poland (4%), Soviet Union (7%), Germany (28%) and other countries (18%). 283 scientists from 29 countries attended the conference representing the interdisciplinary field between mathematics, physics, engineering and medicine. 151 papers were available for publication in this proceedings covering the topics 1. Mathematics and Physics of Acoustical Imaging 2. Components and Systems 3. Applications in Medicine and Biology 4. Applications in Nondestructive Testing 5. Remote Sensing Applications 6. Industrial Applications A relative large number of contributions on acoustical microscopy was included in the conference program within topics 3 and 4. Also, papers on "non-traditional" acoustical imaging subjects, e. g. on phonon imaging and on remote sensing in the atmosphere, have broadened the scope of the conference. The success and stimulation of the conference and of the papers presented in this volume is owed, of course to the authors and participants.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Tenth International Symposium on Acoustical Imaging held in Cannes, France, October 12th through the 16th, 1980. Fifty-seven papers were presented over the course of the four day meeting. Fifty-two manuscripts were received in time for publication of the proceedings. There was representation from 14 nations, including England, France, U.S.A., West Germany, Canada, Italy, Japan, Poland, The Netherlands and Norway among the authors and in addition, Switzerland, Spain, Belgium, and Denmark were represented. The following papers were presented at the meeting for which manuscripts were not received in time for publication: "Improved Phased Array Imaging and Medical Diagnosis" by F.L. Thurstone; "Scanning Acoustic Microscope Operating in the Reflection Mode" by H. Kanda, I. Ishikawa, T. Kondo, and K. Katakura; "Empirical Determination of Flaw Characteristics Using the Scanning Laser Acoustic Microscope - SLAM" by D. Yuhes, C.L. Forres, and L.W. Kessler; "A Wide Angled Fraction Limited Holographic Lens System for Acoustical Imaging" by H. Heier; "Progress in the Development of Sonographic Contrast Agents" by J. Ophir, and F. Maklad, A. Gobuty and R.E. McWhirt.