Acute Toxicity Of Six Forest Insecticides To Three Aquatic Invertebrates And Four Fishes

Technical grade and field formulations of six experimental forest insecticides -- methomyl, carbaryl, aminocarb, trichlorfon, fenitrothion, and acephate -- were tested for acut toxicity against three species of aquatic invertebrates, (a daphnid, an amphipod, and larvae of a midge), and four species of fish (bluegill, rainbow trout, fathead minnow, channel catfish). Five of the six insecticides were highly toxic or extremely toxic to the daphnid, amphipod, and midge larvae. The sixth insecticide, acephate, was not toxic to invertebrates at concentrations up to 50 mg/L. Five of the insecticides ranged from highly toxic (methomyl to channel catfish) to relatively non-toxic (trichlorfon to fathead minnows); the sixth, acephate, was only slightly toxic to the fishes tested.

All toxicity data developed by the Columbia National Fisheries Research Laboratory since 1965 was evaluated for quality, and a database established for 4,901 tests with 410 chemicals (mainly pesticides) and 66 species of aquatic animals. Insects were the most sensitive group, followed by crustaceans, fishes, and amphibians. Rainbow trout was found to be highly sensitive.

Golf Course Management & Construction presents a comprehensive summary and assessment of technical and scientific research on the environmental effects of turfgrass system construction and maintenance. Although the book focuses on golf courses, it also discusses turfgrass systems for residential and commercial lawns, parks, and greenways. The book is an excellent introduction to the concepts of nonpoint source environmental impacts of turfgrass management for turfgrass scientists and specialists, landscape and golf course architects, turfgrass system and golf course developers, golf course superintendents, environmental scientists, and land-use regulators.

A bibliography comprising annotated citations of 2037 scientific and technical publications from ten series issued by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Includes a six-page introduction containing a history of the Service and a description of the research and development series.