Addition Elimination And Substitution

Front Cover -- ADDITION, ELIMINATION AND SUBSTITUTION: MARKOVNIKOV, HOFMANN, ZAITSEV AND WALDEN -- ADDITION, ELIMINATION AND SUBSTITUTION: MARKOVNIKOV, HOFMANN, ZAITSEV AND WALDEN: DISCOVERY AND DEVELOPMENT -- Contents -- Copyright -- ONE - Introduction: Organic Chemistry in the Nineteenth Century -- A 19th-century chronology of organic chemistry -- Atomic theory: a brief history -- Theories of organic chemistry -- Organic radicals: Theory of substitutions -- Theory of types -- Valence and the structural theory of organic chemistry -- References -- TWO - Vladimir Vasil'evich Markovnikov and his rule for addition -- Vladimir Vasil'evich Markovnikov (1837-1904) -- The education of the chemist -- With Kolbe at Leipzig -- Markovnikov's return to Kazan -- Markovnikov's resignation from Kazan -- Professor and head at Novorossiisk University -- Markovnikov's move to Moscow -- Markovnikov's initial work in Moscow -- Markovnikov, the Sanitation Guru: The Russo-Turkish war -- Markovnikov and cycloalkanes -- A new direction: petroleum chemistry -- Markovnikov's ouster from his professorship -- References -- THREE - Markovnikov's rule: history and development -- The first decades: early challenges to the validity of the rule -- Louis Henry -- Arthur Michael -- Yuliya (Julia) Vsevolodovna Lermontova -- Morris Selig Kharasch -- What is in a name? Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov -- References -- FOUR - Aleksandr Mikhailovich Zaitsev and his empirical rule for elimination -- Aleksandr Mikhailovich Zaitsev (1841-1910) -- In Western Europe -- 1863: faux pas and recovery -- Theoretician no more: the synthetic organic chemist emerges -- Sulfur compounds in Marburg -- The return to Kazan -- Moving into leadership of the Kazan Chemical School -- Scientific work as professor at Kazan -- The genesis of Zaitsev's rule -- The feud -- Alkene oxidation.

Addition, Elimination and Substitution: Markovnikov, Hofmann, Zaitsev and Walden: Discovery and Development discusses foundational reactions in organic chemistry and their major protagonists, contributions to synthesis, and history. Hofmann, Zaitsev, and Markovnikov are introduced, along with their major discoveries and contributions to organic chemistry. The history of controversies around Markovnikov’s Rule are addressed. The book introduces Walden’s original demonstration of configuration inversion, then discusses bimolecular elimination reactions, regioselective addition reactions, regiospecific alkene synthesis, and the development of modern reactions with configuration inversion. With its unique perspective, focus, and comprehensive coverage, this book belongs on the shelf of every organic chemist. Introduces Markovnikov, Zaitsev, Hofmann, and Walden as actual persons, rather than just an abstract term used as a form of short-hand to describe the rules Discusses, in depth, the discovery and usage of these reactions and rules, from their discovery to their most recent applications Includes biographical materials about chemists responsible for major changes in application of the rules Traces the history of the applications of these reactions, e.g., anti-Markovnikov additions in catalytic organic synthesis, and reactions such as the Mitsunobu reaction improving the original SN2 displacement

The two-part, fifth edition of Advanced Organic Chemistry has been substantially revised and reorganized for greater clarity. The material has been updated to reflect advances in the field since the previous edition, especially in computational chemistry. Part A covers fundamental structural topics and basic mechanistic types. It can stand-alone; together, with Part B: Reaction and Synthesis, the two volumes provide a comprehensive foundation for the study in organic chemistry. Companion websites provide digital models for study of structure, reaction and selectivity for students and exercise solutions for instructors.

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Introduction what is organic chemistry all about?; Structural organic chemistry the shapes of molecules functional groups; Organic nomenclature; Alkanes; Stereoisomerism of organic molecules; Bonding in organic molecules atomic-orbital models; More on nomenclature compounds other than hydrocarbons; Nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions; Separation and purification identification of organic compounds by spectroscopic techniques; Alkenes and alkynes. Ionic and radical addition reactions; Alkenes and alkynes; Oxidation and reduction reactions; Acidity or alkynes.

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