Advances In Formal Design Methods For Cad

Designing is one of the most significant of human acts. Surprisingly, given that designing has been occurring for many millenia, our understanding of the processes of designing is remarkably limited. Recently, design methods have been formalised not as humano-centred processes but as processes capable of computer implementation with the goal of augmenting human designers. This volume contains contributions which cover design methods based on evolutionary systems, generative processes, evaluation methods and analysis methods. It presents the state of the art in formal design methods for computer aided design.

Formal design methods provide the basis for the non-graphical use of computer-aided design. This volume represents the cutting edge of international research in the area, where artificial intelligence and cognitive science paradigms are providing a renewed impetus for exploration and development. The sixteen chapters are grouped into five parts: formal representations in design; shape grammars in design; design grammars; formalised design processes; and exploration in design. The volume will provide a valuable source of information for all those connected with this field.

Design is a fundamental creative human activity. This certainly applies to the design of artefacts, the realisation of which has to meet many constraints and ever raising criteria. The world in which we live today, is enormously influenced by the human race. Over the last century, these artefacts have dramatically changed the living conditions of humans. The present wealth in very large parts of the world, depends on it. All the ideas for better and new artefacts brought forward by humans have gone through the minds of designers, who have turned them into feasible concepts and subsequently transformed them into realistic product models. The designers have been, still are, and will remain the leading 'change agents' in the physical world. Manufacturability of artefacts has always played a significant role in design. In pre industrial manufacturing, the blacksmith held the many design and realisation aspects of a product in one hand. The synthesis of the design and manufacturing aspects took, almost implicitly, place in the head of the man. All the knowledge and the skills were stored in one person. Education and training took place along the line of many years of apprenticeship. When the production volumes increased, -'assembling to measure' was no longer tolerated and production efficiency became essential - design, process planning, production planning and fabrication became separated concerns. The designers created their own world, separated from the production world. They argued that restrictions in the freedom of designing would badly influence their creativity in design.

Since the establishment of the CAAD futures Foundation in 1985 CAAD experts from all over the world meet every two years to present and at the same time document the state of art of research in Computer Aided Architectural Design. The history of CAAD futures started in the Netherlands at the Technical Universities of Eindhoven and Delft, where the CAAD futures Foundation came into being. Then CAAD futures crossed the oceans for the first time, the third CAAD futures in 1989 was held at Harvard University. Next stations in the evolution were in 1991 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, the ETC, Zürich. In 1993 the conference was organized by Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh and in 1995 by National University, Singapore, CAAD futures 1995 marked the world wide nature by organizing it for the first time in Asia. Proceedings of CAAD futures held biannually provide a complete review of the state of research in Computer Aided Architectural Design.

Designing is one of the foundations for change in our society. It is a fundamental precursor to manufacturing, fabrication and construction. Design research aims to develop an understanding of designing and to produce models of designing that can be used to aid designing. The papers in this volume are from the Sixth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Design (AID'00) held in June 2000, in Worcester, Massachusetts, USA. They represent the state of the art and the cutting edge of research and development in this field, and demonstrate both the depth and breadth of the artificial intelligence paradigm in design. They point the way for the development of advanced computer-based tools to aid designers, and describe advances in both theory and application. This volume will be of particular interest to researchers, developers, and users of advanced computer systems in design.

The education of future entrepreneurs shapes how we will live in the future, and proper entrepreneurship education is thus of utmost importance. Entrepreneurship educators and researchers constantly renew tools, interventions, and training programs for entrepreneurship education and adapt them to the specific needs of entrepreneurs and developments in the entrepreneurship ecosystem. This open-access book is based on this background and offers expert insights that highlight context-specificity and discuss training methods and tools that are impact-oriented. The authors represent multiple institutional and cultural backgrounds, to provide a useful resource with new ideas for the community of entrepreneurship educators, facilitators, and scholars. Based on the chapters, the editors of the volume also offer several propositions and critical insights important for the current state of entrepreneurship education and its future development. This book will be a valuable resource for entrepreneurship educators and education policymakers alike.

During its life cycle, a product produces waste that is over 20 times its weight. As such it is critical to develop products that are sustainable. Currently product development processes lack high quality methods and tools that are empirically validated to support development of sustainable products. This book is a compilation of over forty cutting edge international research papers from the 22nd CIRP International Design Conference, written by eminent researchers from 15 countries, on engineering design process, methods and tools, broadly for supporting sustainable product development. A variety of new insights into the product development process, as well as a host of methods and tools that are at the cutting edge of design research are discussed and explained covering a range of diverse topics. The areas covered include: Sustainable design and manufacturing, Design synthesis and creativity, Global product development and product life cycle management, Design for X (safety, reliability, manufacturability, etc.), and Design taxonomy, ontology and standards. CIRP Design 2012: Sustainable Product Development provides researchers in design, engineering and sustainability access to some of the latest, quality research in this area. Practitioners and educators of engineering design and sustainability will find an empirically validated suite of methods and tools that can be applied and taught to develop their practices.