Aeronautics And Astronautics

Aerospace engineering is the primary field of engineering concerned with the development of aircraft and spacecraft. It is divided into two major and overlapping branches: aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering. Aeronautics is the study of the science of flight. Aeronautics is the method of designing an airplane or other flying machine. Astronautics is often referred to as astronomical engineering. It is the science and technology of space flight and is a field of aerospace engineering that deals with machinery designed to work beyond the Earth's atmosphere. Astronautics works by applying scientific principles as well as engineering techniques to aviation technology. There are four basic areas that aeronautical engineers must understand in order to be able to design planes. To design a plane, engineers must understand all of these elements. Aeronautical engineers apply principles and concepts of engineering to create new aircraft containing the most current and sophisticated technologies. Airplanes, gliders and helicopters all stay to the principles within the flight science called aeronautics. These include physics concepts like Newton's laws of motion; aerodynamics, the motion of air; and Bernoulli's principle of lift. Aeronautical engineering is the design and construction of airplanes and other aircraft that fly within the atmosphere. Aerospace engineering encompasses aeronautics as well as the design and construction of spacecraft. Aeronautical engineering and aerospace engineering degree programs typically contain many of the same courses. Principles and theories that are common to aeronautical engineering are also applied in the construction of buildings and evaluation of the performance of space vehicles within the earth's atmosphere. This book entitled Aeronautics and Astronautics encompasses the study, design, and manufacture of airplanes or other aviation vehicles. It also focuses on the theory and practice of navigation beyond Earth's atmosphere.

On 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, NC, the Wright brothers succeeded in achieving controlled flight in a heavier-than-air machine. This feat was accomplished by them only after meticulous experiments and a study of the work of others before them like Sir George Cayley, Otto Lilienthal, and Samuel Langley. The first evidence of the academic community becoming interested in human flight is found in 1883 when Professor J. J. Montgomery of Santa Clara College conducted a series of glider tests. Seven years later, in 1890, Octave Chanute presented a number of lectures to students of Sibley College, Cornell University entitled Aerial Navigation. This book is a collection of papers solicited from U. S. universities or institutions with a history of programs in Aerospace/Aeronautical engineering. There are 69 institutions covered in the 71 chapters. This collection of papers represents an authoritative story of the development of educational programs in the nation that were devoted to human flight. Most of these programs are still in existence but there are a few papers covering the history of programs that are no longer in operation. documented in Part I as well as the rapid expansion of educational programs relating to aeronautical engineering that took place in the 1940s. Part II is devoted to the four schools that were pioneers in establishing formal programs. Part III describes the activities of the Guggenheim Foundation that spurred much of the development of programs in aeronautical engineering. Part IV covers the 48 colleges and universities that were formally established in the mid-1930s to the present. The military institutions are grouped together in the Part V; and Part VI presents the histories of those programs that evolved from proprietary institutions.

Aviation safety and astronautics safety are taught as technical subjects informed, for the most part, by quantitative methods. Here, as in other fields, safety is often framed as an engineering problem requiring mathematics-informed solutions. This book argues that the socio-technical approach, encompassing theories grounded in sociology and psychology – such as active learning, high-reliability organising, mindfulness, leadership, followership and empowerment – has much to contribute to the safety performance of these vital industries. It sets out to inspire professionals to embed the whole-system approach into design and operation regimen and describes the reputational and financial benefits to manufacturers and operators that accrue from adopting a whole-system approach to design and operation. The book defines the socio-technical approach to risk assessment and management in aviation and astronautics (astronautics is taken to mean "the design and operation of vehicles for use beyond the earth’s atmosphere"), then demonstrates the strengths and weaknesses of this approach through case studies of, for example, the Boeing 737MAX-8 accidents and the loss of the SpaceShipTwo orbiter. Grounding the discourse in familiar case studies engages busy aviation and astronautics professionals. The book’s arguments are explained in such a way that they are readily comprehensible to non-experts. Key concepts are defined within a glossary. Photographs, charts and diagrams illustrate key points. Written for a practitioner audience, specifically aviation and astronautics professionals, this book provides a valuable and accessible social sciences perspective on safety that will be directly relevant to their roles.

Commissioned on the occasion of its 75th Anniversary, here is the fascinating historical account of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics -- and its predecessor organizations, the American Rocket Society and The Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences -- and the significant contributions each has made to the evolution of flight. From the early struggles to create and distinguish aeronautics as a distinct profession, through the technological necessities brought on by two world wars, to the incredible advances spawned by the Space Age, this narrative covers it all in a highly readable, thoroughly researched way. Reading like an aeronautical and astronautical whos who, it is also the amazing story of the organizations founders, leaders and members -- visionary individuals and dedicated engineers advancing theories and technologies in a profession that has forever changed society and shaped everyday life as we know it.