An Introduction To Turbulence And Its Measurement

An Introduction to Turbulence and Its Measurement is an introductory text on turbulence and its measurement. It combines the physics of turbulence with measurement techniques and covers topics ranging from measurable quantities and their physical significance to the analysis of fluctuating signals, temperature and concentration measurements, and the hot-wire anemometer. Examples of turbulent flows are presented. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an overview of the physics of turbulence, paying particular attention to Newton's second law of motion, the Newtonian viscous fluid, and equations of motion. After a chapter devoted to measurable quantities, the discussion turns to some examples of turbulent flows, including turbulence behind a grid of bars, Couette flow, atmospheric and oceanic turbulence, and heat and mass transfer. The next chapter describes measurement techniques using hot wires, films, and thermistors, as well as Doppler-shift anemometers; glow-discharge or corona-discharge anemometers; pulsed-wire anemometer; and steady-flow techniques for fluctuation measurement. This monograph is intended for post-graduate students of aeronautics and fluid mechanics, but should also be readily understandable to those with a good general background in engineering fluid dynamics.

Most natural and industrial flows are turbulent. The atmosphere and oceans, automobile and aircraft engines, all provide examples of this ubiquitous phenomenon. In recent years, turbulence has become a very lively area of scientific research and application, attracting many newcomers who need a basic introduction to the subject. An Introduction to Turbulent Flow, first published in 2000, offers a solid grounding in the subject of turbulence, developing both physical insight and the mathematical framework needed to express the theory. It begins with a review of the physical nature of turbulence, statistical tools, and space and time scales of turbulence. Basic theory is presented next, illustrated by examples of simple turbulent flows and developed through classical models of jets, wakes, and boundary layers. A deeper understanding of turbulence dynamics is provided by spectral analysis and its applications. The final chapter introduces the numerical simulation of turbulent flows. This well-balanced text will interest graduate students in engineering, applied mathematics, and the physical sciences.

Provides unique coverage of the prediction and experimentation necessary for making predictions. * Covers computational fluid dynamics and its relationship to direct numerical simulation used throughout the industry. * Covers vortex methods developed to calculate and evaluate turbulent flows. * Includes chapters on the state-of-the-art applications of research such as control of turbulence.

Smol'yakov and Tkachenko's book is a very thorough and detailed survey of the response of hot wires and related trans ducers to a fluctuating flow field. Now that the electronic equipment needed for hot-wire anemometry is so easy to make or cheap to buy, transducer response is the most critical part of the subject - except for the fragility of the sensing element , for which textbooks are no remedy! We hope that this book will be useful to all students and research workers concerned with the theory or practice of these devices or the interpretation of results. Peter Bradshaw Imperial College London v Preface "The importance of experimental data and of experimentally established general properties is often underestimated in the study of turbulence . . . •. The most direct path is to use experimentally established properties as the foundation upon which models explaining these properties can be constructed. " M. D. Millionshchikov Turbulence belongs to a class of physical phenomena that are very frequently encountered in both nature and technology. It is the most common and also the most complicated form of motion of real liquids and gases. It is observed in the oceans, in the atmosphere, and in a very wide range of systems in engineering. The rational design of airplanes, rockets, ships, dams, hydroelectric plant, canals, turbines, ventilators, and many other technological systems must involve the consideration of turbulence.

Beginning with a description of turbulence, its various manifestations, and a brief history of study, this text also incorporates modern perspectives on turbulence. The text also covers such topics as intermittency and the resultant conditional sampling and averaging of turbulent flows, the role of large scale computation of the fundamental equations of fluid mechanics in providing information on variables, and asymptotic methods which are used to expose important features of turbulent flows. Meaningful exercises are included in every section.

This fully revised second edition focuses on physical phenomena and observations in turbulence, and is focused on reversing misconceptions and ill-defined concepts. New topics include ergodicity, Eulerian versus Lagrangian descriptions, theory validation, and anomalous scaling.