Anisotropic Metal Chalcogenide Nanomaterials

This book explores the recent advances in designing and synthesizing one- and two-dimensional metal chalcogenide nanostructures, along with their practical applications, helping readers understand what has happened, and what is currently happening in the field of nanotechnology. It also includes a comprehensive table showing 1D and 2D nanostructured metal chalcogenides, which presents the recent developments from a synthetic point of view. Further, it describes the wide applicability of anisotropic metal chalcogenides, such as in electronics, energy storage and conversion, and sensors. Lastly it discusses the current understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects associated with the forming mechanisms of anisotropic metal chalcogenide nanostructures. This book is a valuable reference resource for practitioners and researchers, enabling them to obtain a quick overview of anisotropic metal chalcogenide nanomaterials through synthetic approaches and related applications. Presenting representative applications of anisotropic metal chalcogenide nanomaterials that are important in the industrial sector, it is also of interest to academics and industry specialists.

In this book anisotropic one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanoscale building blocks and their assembly into fascinating and qualitatively new functional structures embracing both hard and soft components are explained. Contributions from leading experts regarding important aspects like synthesis, assembly, properties and applications of the above materials are compiled into a reference book. The anisotropy, i.e. the direction-dependent physical properties, of materials is fascinating and elegant and has sparked the quest for anisotropic materials with useful properties. With such a curiosity, material scientists have ventured into the realm of nanometer length scale and have explored the anisotropic nanoscale building blocks such as metallic and nonmetallic particles as well as organic molecular aggregates. It turns out that the anisotropic nanoscale building blocks, in addition to direction-dependent properties, exhibit dimension and morphology dependence of physical properties. Moreover, ordered arrays of anisotropic nanoscale building blocks furnish novel properties into the resulting system which would be entirely different from the properties of individual ones. Undoubtedly, these promising properties have qualified them as enabling building blocks of 21st century materials science, nanoscience and nanotechnology. Readers will find this book professionally valuable and intellectually stimulating in the rapidly emerging area of anisotropic nanomaterials. Quan Li, Ph.D., is Director of the Organic Synthesis and Advanced Materials Laboratory at the Liquid Crystal Institute of Kent State University, where he is also Adjunct Professor in the Chemical Physics Interdisciplinary Program. He has directed research projects funded by US Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFSOR), US Army Research Office (ARO), US Department of Defense Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (DoD MURI), US National Science Foundation (NSF), US Department of Energy (DOE), US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Ohio Third Frontier, and Samsung Electronics, among others.

This book reviews recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and physico-chemical properties of anisotropic nanomaterials. It highlights various emerging applications of nanomaterials, including sensing and imaging, (bio)medical applications, environmental protection, plasmonics, catalysis, and energy. It provides an excellent and comprehensive overview of the effect that morphology and nanometric dimension has on the physico-chemical properties of various materials and how this leads to novel applications.

This book presents latest research results on synthesis and application of metallic nanomaterials. Fabrication techniques, analytic properties, as well as theoretical aspects are discussed. Size- and shape-controlled synthesis of silver, gold, copper, ruthenium, tellurium, selenium and palladium nanoparticles are reviewed. Further topics are the synthesis from microplasma and shape-control for electrocatalytic applications.

Metal-Chalcogenide Nanocomposites: Fundamentals, Properties, and Industrial Applications focuses on metal chalcogenide nanomaterials for environmental remediation and corrosion applications. The book's chapters focus on cost-effective and facile fabrication approaches, their growth mechanisms, optical, electrical, and other important properties, and their applications in a broad range of diverse fields such as photocatalysis, photovoltaics, hydrogen production, lithium batteries, energy storage, anticorrosion, and sensor devices. The book will be an important information source for both material scientists and engineers who want to create the next generation of products and devices for energy and environmental applications.

The chemical elements oxygen (0), sulfur (S), selenium (Se), tellurium (Te), and polonium (Po), belonging to group 16 of the periodic table, are called chalcogens. Chalcogenides are a class of chemical compounds consisting of at least one chalcogen anion and an electropositive element. When the electropositive element is a metal, it is called a 'metal chalcogenide.' Generally, the term chalcogenide is used to address sulfides, selenides, and tellurides rather than oxides and polonium compounds because of the strong non-metallic properties of oxygen and the strong metallic qualities of polonium. Due to the ability of the chalcogen to catenate and bind to numerous metal centers, various metal chalcogenides with different structures and compositions can be formed. The large and diverse family of metal chalcogenides can be classified in many ways; for instance, the chalcogen element present can be divided into sulfides, selenides, tellurides, and multi-chalcogen chalcogenides. Binary metal chalcogenides comprising a main group or transition metal and a chalcogen are widely explored for their distinctive chemical and physical properties and promising application in optoelectronics, photovoltaics, thermoelectrics, and photo-catalysis, and photodetection. Binary metal chalcogenides exist in many stoichiometries and structures.

Nanomaterials via Single-Source Precursors: Synthesis, Processing and Applications presents recent results and overviews of synthesis, processing, characterization and applications of advanced materials for energy, electronics, biomedicine, sensors and aerospace. A variety of processing methods (vapor, liquid and solid-state) are covered, along with materials, including metals, oxides, semiconductor, sulfides, selenides, nitrides, and carbon-based materials. Production of quantum dots, nanoparticles, thin films and composites are described by a collection of international experts. Given the ability to customize the phase, morphology, and properties of target materials, this “rational approach to synthesis and processing is a disruptive technology for electronic, energy, structural and biomedical (nano)materials and devices. The use of single-source chemical precursors for materials processing technology allows for intimate elemental mixing and hence production of complex materials at temperatures well below traditional physical methods and those involving direct combination of elements. The use of lower temperatures enables thin-film deposition on lightweight polymer substrates and reduces damage to complex devices structures such as used in power, electronics and sensors. Discusses new approaches to synthesis or single-source precursors (SSPs) and the concept of rational design of materials Includes materials processing of SSPs in the design of new materials and novel devices Provides comprehensive coverage of the subject (materials science and chemistry) as related to SSPs and the range of potential applications

Metal Chalcogenide Biosensors: Fundamentals and Applications provides an overview of advances in materials development of chalcogenides for use in biosensing and sensing applications. The metal chalcogenides discussed include highly reactive metals, noble metals and transition metals. Particular attention is given to the morphology, porosity, structure and fabrication of materials for biosensing applications. The connection between the chalcogenides’ physical and chemical properties and device performance is explored. Key parameters for biosensor devices are investigated such as thermodynamics, kinetics, selectivity, sensitivity, efficiency and durability to aid in materials selection. Finally, a range of biosensor devices are addressed including gas biosensors, chemical biosensors, environment biosensors and biological molecule sensors. This book is suitable for those in the fields of materials science and engineering, chemistry and physics. Reviews the latest advances in fabrication methods for metal chalcogenide-based biosensors Discusses the parameters of biosensor devices to aid in materials selection Provides readers with a look at the chemical and physical properties of reactive metals, noble metals and transition metals chalcogenides and their connection to biosensor device performance