Athenaeum

A compelling history of the famous London club and its members’ impact on Britain’s scientific, creative, and official life When it was founded in 1824, the Athenæum broke the mold. Unlike in other preeminent clubs, its members were chosen on the basis of their achievements rather than on their background or political affiliation. Public rather than private life dominated the agenda. The club, with its tradition of hospitality to conflicting views, has attracted leading scientists, writers, artists, and intellectuals throughout its history, including Charles Darwin and Matthew Arnold, Edward Burne-Jones and Yehudi Menuhin, Winston Churchill and Gore Vidal. This book is not presented in the traditional, insular style of club histories, but devotes attention to the influence of Athenians on the scientific, creative, and official life of the nation. From the unwitting recruitment of a Cold War spy to the welcome admittance of women, this lively and original account explores the corridors and characters of the club; its wider political, intellectual, and cultural influence; and its recent reinvention.

A stunning commemoration of 200 years of collecting, study, and debate at this venerable Boston institution

The Victorian era heralded an age of transformation in which momentous changes in the field of natural history coincided with the rise of new visual technologies. Concurrently, different parts of the British Empire began to more actively claim their right to being acknowledged as indispensable contributors to knowledge and the progress of empire. This book addresses the complex relationship between natural history and photography from the 1850s to the 1880s in Britain and its colonies: Australia, New Zealand and, to a lesser extent, India. Coinciding with the rise of the modern museum, photography’s arrival was timely, and it rapidly became an essential technology for recording and publicising rare objects and valuable collections. Also during this period, the medium assumed a more significant role in the professional practices and reputations of naturalists than has been previously recognized, and it figured increasingly within the expanding specialized networks that were central to the production and dissemination of new knowledge. In an interrogation that ranges from the first forays into museum photography and early attempts to document collecting expeditions to the importance of traditional and photographic portraiture for the recognition of scientific discoveries, this book not only recasts the parameters of what we actually identify as natural history photography in the Victorian era but also how we understand the very structure of empire in relation to this genre at that time.

Augusta Webster (as she was known) published one novel, many reviews and several books of poetry, including verse plays, in the last four decades of the 19th century. An activist in social causes, she fought for women's suffrage in England; as a member of the London school Board, she championed the cause of the poor who could not pay for their children's education. Though appreciated by writers and reviewers of her day, Webster's work did not sell well and went out of print soon after her death. Because today her ironic aesthetic philosophical stance, focusing on the pain and brevity of life and avoiding moral judgment, seems current, literary critics have begun to explore her work. This biographical critical study reveals plentiful research in primary documents, letters, school board minutes, newspapers, and periodicals provides a good introduction to Webster and her work. Rigg (Acadia Univ.) writes well, and she shows considerable critical acumen with appropriate reference to the limited literature on Webster. Rigg makes some surprising gaffes, such as failure to recognize the Spenserian stanza. But the real difficulty this study faces is Webster's obscurity, which means the audience for this book will be limited.

First published in 2005, this book represents the first full length biography of John Phillips, one of the most remarkable and important scientists of the Victorian period. Adopting a broad chronological approach, this book not only traces the development of Phillips’ career but clarifies and highlights his role within Victorian culture, shedding light on many wider themes. It explores how Phillips’ love of science was inseparable from his need to earn a living and develop a career which could sustain him. Hence questions of power, authority, reputation and patronage were central to Phillips’ career and scientific work. Drawing on a wealth of primary sources and a rich body of recent writings on Victorian science, this biography brings together his personal story with the scientific theories and developments of the day, and fixes them firmly within the context of wider society.