Brexit Economic Consequences For The United Kingdom

On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom called its voters at the polls to vote on a referendum on the country's stay in the European Union. 51.89% of voters voted for Leave, the exit against 48.11 in favor of Remain, the permanence, with a turnout of 71.8% of the electorate (over 30 million people ). The country was very divided. Scotland (62%), London (59.9%), Northern Ireland (55.8%) and the overseas territory of Gibraltar (95.9%) were in favor of Remain. The vote also appeared very divided demographically, with young people between 18-24 and 25-34 years old who voted 73% and 62% respectively to stay in Europe. In this book, I investigate the situation wherein the United Kingdom withdraws its membership of the European Union, concentrating on the economic consequences thereof. I provide a description of the UK's history with the EU and the possible frameworks for their future relationship. I produce analyses of the economic changes to UK trade, with a focus on the benefits of the Single Market, the City of London and the financial sector, and the labor market in response to changes in immigration. I discuss the probability of each possible future relationship based on UK and EU preferences, evaluate the consequences for the UK. Overall, my findings suggest that the UK will negotiate a Free Trade Agreement with the EU, yet will suffer significant economic repercussions from exiting the Union. This is largely because the UK will have to give up sovereignty in trade for market access, and the UK is disinclined to do so.

The Economics of Brexit – Revisited builds upon and extends the analysis contained within the authors' previous book, The Economics of Brexit: A Cost-Benefit Analysis of the UK's Economic Relationship with the EU, which arguably represented the most comprehensive and systematic evaluation of the UK’s economic relationship with the EU. The Economics of Brexit – Revisited continues where the previous volume left off, given that the UK has now formally withdrawn from the EU, and therefore the focus of the evidence presented concerns the potential economic implications arising from Brexit and considering the options available to those negotiating the UK's future economic relationship both regionally and globally. The Economics of Brexit – Revisited seeks to provide greater clarity to a range of issues that have been hotly debated over the past few years, ranging from the trade and fiscal implications of Brexit, to the economic impact of regulation and migration. The significance of different Brexit options are discussed in detail, including the significance of demands for regulatory harmonisation (the 'level playing field'), along with their implications for UK trade with the EU and the rest of the world. A wide range of economic analyses are evaluated to determine their relative methodological strengths and weaknesses, and ultimately whether their conclusions are sufficiently robust to engender confidence. Finally, noting that a key determinant of the effectiveness of any post-Brexit economic strategy depends upon the degree of flexibility created for economic policy, the book provides an extended examination of the potential relating to different economic policy options available to the UK government, depending upon the form of final trade settlement that is agreed with the EU. These policy options include more active forms of macroeconomic management, combined with industrial and procurement policy. The Economics of Brexit – Revisited therefore seeks to combine evaluation of the available evidence indicating the economic impact of Brexit, together with consideration of policy trade-offs that lie at the heart of the choices surrounding Brexit, and how these might be resolved. The Economics of Brexit – Revisited therefore maintains its position as the most comprehensive analysis of the economics of Brexit in the market today.

This book provides a study on the impact of Brexit on international competitiveness and in doing so, presents a theoretical account of regional disintegration. In recent decades, the theory of regional economic integration has expanded following growing integration processes taking place not only in Europe, but in other continents too. The result of the EU Referendum in the United Kingdom on 23 June 2016 revealed that regional integration does not have to be a one-way process as was perceived for many years. Despite well-developed models of economic integration within economic theory, there still lacks an analytical explanation of the mechanics of disintegration. For many years, integration was commonly perceived as a beneficial process, and while disintegration is not desirable, this led to normative bias in the research on regional integration. This book, therefore, makes an important contribution to theoretical and empirical developments of regional economic disintegration.

The first comprehensive, authoritative study of the political, economic and social forces which led to Brexit and its likely consequences.

Seminar paper from the year 2020 in the subject Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: 1,7, University of applied sciences, Cologne, language: English, abstract: The aim of this term paper is to present the possible consequences for the United Kingdom after the implementation of the Brexit. First of all, it is dealt with the development of the Brexit over the last three and a half years. Next, the UK's relationship with the rest of the world and its economic situation will be described. Then the possibilities for the United Kingdom to continue using the global economic market after leaving the EU are discussed. Based on these options, the consequences that can result from a Brexit are then discussed. Special attention will be paid to foreign direct investment, as this is of partic-ular importance for the British economy. Finally, the results are summarized in a conclusion.

This book presents a comprehensive evaluation of the likely economic impact upon the UK economy arising from Brexit. It seeks to assess both the methods adopted, and conclusions reached, by the existing economic studies, and supplements this by providing additional evidence to assist the reader in forming their own assessment of the relative merits of the different approaches. It additionally outlines the options available to policy makers for the formation of an economic strategy capable of adapting the economy to the challenges and opportunities presented by Brexit. Finally, it outlines and comments upon the range of alternative models of future trading relationships that are available to the UK, both in relation to the EU and the rest of the world.

This interdisciplinary book examines Brexit from a political economy perspective, enriched by insights from scholars of political science, history and law. Shedding light on the key motivations for Brexit, this incisive book seeks to better understand what shapes the UK’s political and economic preferences and the fundamental causes and issues that have moulded its stance on the EU.

An unprecedented political, economic, social, and legal storm was unleashed by the United Kingdom's June 2016 referendum to leave the European Union and the government's response to the vote. After decades of strengthening European integration and independence, Brexit necessitates a deep understanding of its international law implications on both sides of the English Channel in order to chart the stormy seas of negotiating and advancing beyond separation. In Complexity's Embrace, international law practitioners and academics from the United Kingdom, Europe, Canada and the United States look beyond the rhetoric of "Brexit Means Brexit" and "no agreement is better than a bad agreement" to explain the challenges that need to be addressed in the diverse fields of trade, financial services, insolvency, intellectual property, environment, and human rights. The authors in this volume articulate, with unvarnished clarity, the international law implications of Brexit, providing policy makers, commentators, the legal community, and civil society with critical information they need to participate in negotiating their future within or outside Europe. Complexity's Embrace explores the many unprecedented questions about the UK's future trading arrangements. Contributors include Thomas Cottier, Armand de Mestral, Oonagh E. Fitzgerald, David A. Gantz, Markus Gehring, Valerie Hughes, Matthias Lehmann, Eva Lein, Dorothy Livingston, Richard Macrory, Luke McDonagh, Marc Mimler, Howard P. Morris, Gabriel Moss, Helen Mountfield, Federico M. Mucciarelli, Joe Newbigin, Colm O’Cinneide, Damilola S. Olawuyi, Christoph G. Paulus, Maziar Peihani, Freedom-Kai Phillips, Stephen Tromans, Diana Wallis, and Dirk Zetzsche.