British Army Communications In The Second World War

A history of British Army front line communications, focussing on the effect that their performance had on the outcome of main World War II campaigns.

In the Second World War, the home fronts of many countries became as important as the battle fronts. As governments tried to win and hold the trust of domestic and international audiences, communication became central to their efforts. This volume offers cutting-edge research by leading and emerging scholars on how information was used, distributed and received during the war. With a transnational approach encompassing Germany, Iberia, the Arab world and India, it demonstrates that the Second World War was as much a war of ideas and influence as one of machines and battles. Simon Eliot, Marc Wiggam and the contributors address the main communication problems faced by Allied governments, including how to balance the free exchange of information with the demands of national security and wartime alliances, how to frame war aims differently for belligerent, neutral and imperial audiences and how to represent effectively a variety of communities in wartime propaganda. In doing so, they reveal the contested and transnational character of the ways in which information was conveyed during the Second World War. Allied Communication during the Second World War offers innovative and nuanced perspectives on the thin border between information and propaganda during this global war and will be vital reading for World War II and media historians alike.

This book reveals the impact of communications on the military operations of the British Expeditionary Force during the First World War.

Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence form the backbone of the Army's operating system. But while much attention has been given in the literature to the other three elements, Communications in the British Army during World War II have been widely ignored. This book rectifies the omission. It shows that failures in front line communications contributed to several of the set backs suffered by the Army but also that ultimate victory was only achieved after a successful communications system was in place. It explains how the outcome of the main campaigns in Europe and North Africa depended on communications, how the system operated and how it evolved from a relatively primitive and inadequately supplied state at Dunkirk to a generally effective system at the time of the Rhine crossings. Problems still occurred however, for example at infantry platoon level and famously with paratrooper communications at Arnhem, often simply due to the shortcomings of existing technology. The book concludes that it is only very recently that advances in technology have allowed those problems to be solved.

This is the story of perhaps one of the British Army’s least known regiments of World War Two – The General Headquarters Liaison Regiment, code-named Phantom. Every commander in the field or at rear headquarters needs to have up to the minute information on the progress of the battle to enable him to plan his strategy. Communication, or lack of it, can sometimes decide the outcome. One man had the foresight and inspirational thinking to realize this. Lieutenant-Colonel George Frederick Hopkinson served in France and Belgium in 1939/40 with the British Expeditionary Force until he was evacuated from Dunkirk. His experiences convinced him of the need for a special communication service. Immediately on his return to England, Hopkinson wasted no time in presenting his ideas to the War Office and the Ministry of Defense, and, with their approval, the General Headquarters Liaison Regiment, Phantom, was born. Phantom was to serve in many theatres of World War Two, in Greece, North Africa, Italy and the Mediterranean, and its role was to be of paramount importance in the liberation of Europe. When General Urquart was trapped at Arnhem in September 1944, it was the Phantom radio patrol serving with him that provided the only radio link to the outside world. This elite regiment worked with all the Allied forces and a special Phantom squadron served with the SAS behind enemy lines. This book is about the men of Phantom and the memories of some of those who served in this elite regiment, both officers and other ranks. Some of the reminiscences are funny, some are sad, but hopefully the readers will enjoy reading the stories as much as the writers did writing them. Many of those who served with Phantom went on to achieve distinction in public life after the war.