Calculation Of The Specific Impulse Of Rocket Propellants

Rocket Propulsion has come of age. Although its potentialities and capabilities in many areas have been recognized for centuries, it is only in recent years that scientists have had the materials and the manufacturing techniques at their command so they could control and direct the tremendous forces available. Space exploration and manned flights by astronauts have brought the science of rocketry to the attention of the general public. It has also stimulated the interest of students at all levels of advancement in the technical details of space flight. Rocket Propellant Technologies is written for serious students of astronautics. This volume reviews briefly the history of rocketry and the fundamental principles connected with rocket propulsion. Types of propellants, the chemical reactions involved, and the techniques used in manufacturing are explained. The merits of solid and liquid fuels are enumerated. Exotic propellants of the future are discussed, with reasons why their development is essential. Finally, the safety aspects of manufacturing and testing rocket propellants are given in detail. The Amateur Rocket Association under whose guidance this series has been prepared, serves as a focal point for many related activities, bringing new ideas to the attention of its members and offering suggestions for future lines of research.

This study has two declared aims: it presents the theoretical basis for a provably ideal comparative process for relaxing flows (ICP) and jus tifies its application to jet and, in particular, rocket engines. This will be treated in two parts. Part I offers a status quo report on current calculation methods, and compiles and explains briefly the most important data on selected pro minent rocket engines. Starting from the phenomenology of the dynamical and physico-chemical conversion processes in the fuel-oxidizer fluid mixture and in the burned gases, the ideal thermodynamic comparative process is then derived - as a defined sequential change of states in the system. In order to render this comparative process readily under standable, it is first applied to an appropriate model gas using alge braic equations for all relevant parameters. This model gas undergoes energy conversion processes without forfeiting the simplicity of pre sentation typical of classical gas dynamics. Above all, examination of this model offers proof that it is generally impermissible to use, as is done in practice, the familiar isentropic equation for flow changes of state continuously propagated in flow tube theory. Elementary calculations immediately indicate essential attributes which are also typical for relaxing, multicomponent, one-phase systems, such as the significant 'pressure drop phenomenon' or the establishment of the steady mass flow rate as an 'eigenvalue' of the comparative pro cess. Their relevance to the RE theory is stressed.

Aerospace Engineering/Mechanical Engineering The definitive text on rocket propulsion-now completely revised to reflect rapid advancements in the field For more than fifty years, this seminal text has been regarded as the single most authoritative sourcebook on rocket propulsion technology. More comprehensive and coherently organized than any other book on the subject, Rocket Propulsion Elements guides readers evenhandedly through the complex factors that shape propulsion, with both theory and practical design considerations. With more than a third of the text and illustrations either completely new or extensively revised, this latest edition includes current information on engine structures, nozzle theory, gas properties, thrust chambers, launch vehicles, and more. With a detailed table of contents breaking down each chapter into subsections-as well as an expanded index of key words-the Seventh Edition efficiently steers readers quickly to the information they need. Other highlights include: * Separate chapters on liquid, solid, and hybrid propulsion systems and a new chapter on thrust chambers including the new aerospike nozzle * Comprehensive coverage of rocket propulsion technology, with applications to space flight, satellite flight, and guided and unguided missiles * Problem-solving examples and exercises relevant to actual design situations * More than 340 illustrations, including photographs, tables, and graphs * Coherent, up-to-date chapter on electrical propulsion balancing fundamentals with practical aspects and applications For professional engineers in the aerospace and defense industries as well as undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical and aerospace engineering, this time-honored resource is indispensable for its scope of coverage and utility.

This book, a translation of the French title Technologie des Propergols Solides, offers otherwise unavailable information on the subject of solid propellants and their use in rocket propulsion. The fundamentals of rocket propulsion are developed in chapter one and detailed descriptions of concepts are covered in the following chapters. Specific design methods and the theoretical physics underlying them are presented, and finally the industrial production of the propellant itself is explained. The material used in the book has been collected from different countries, as the development of this field has occurred separately due to the classified nature of the subject. Thus the reader not only has an overall picture of solid rocket propulsion technology but a comprehensive view of its different developmental permutations worldwide.