Carbohydrate Based Therapeutics

Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics Comprehensive resource summarizing opportunities and latest progress in design methodologies for carbohydrate-based therapeutics through a disease-oriented approach Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics covers current progress and explores new frontiers in carbohydrate-based therapeutic applications, utilizing a unique approach by providing a detailed background of diseases coupled with subsequent carbohydrate-based therapies. The link between chemistry and design of novel carbohydrate-based medicines is highlighted and a broad overview of all the potential applications of carbohydrates is given. Emphasis is laid on concepts used for carbohydrate drug design, structure– activity relationship, and impact on health and diseases. The text also discusses newer topics like nanoparticles, material science, and tissue generation. Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics includes information on: Antimicrobial carbohydrate-based therapies, covering antibacterial and antiviral vaccines, antifungal therapies, anti-influenza therapeutics, and antiadhesive carbohydrates and glycomimetics Anti-cancer carbohydrate-based therapies, covering cancer vaccines and immunotherapy, and carbohydrate tools in cancer biology Carbohydrate-based therapies in metabolic, neuronal, and immune disorders, covering carbohydrate-based therapeutics for lysosomal disorders and neurodegenerative diseases New frontiers in carbohydrate-based therapies, covering carbohydrates for tissue engineering, antiangiogenic and regenerative medicine Providing comprehensive coverage of foundational knowledge on the subject in a unique and highly accessible format while also exploring the state of the art in the field’s applications, Carbohydrate-Based Therapeutics is an essential resource for medicinal, pharmaceutical, and organic chemists, chemists in industry, biochemists, and biotechnologists.

To exploit the full potential of this diverse compound class for the development of novel active substances, this handbook presents the latest knowledge on carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry. While it is unique in covering the entire field, particular emphasis is placed on carbohydrates with pharmaceutical potential. Topics include the following: > Chemical Synthesis of Carbohydrates > Carbohydrate Biosynthesis and Metabolism > Carbohydrate Analysis > Cellular Functions of Carbohydrates > Development of Carbohydrate-based Drugs A premier resource for carbohydrate chemists and drug developers, this comprehensive two-volume work contains contributions by more than 50 of the world's leading carbohydrate chemists.

It is becoming more obvious in recent years that carbohydrates present a new dimension in drug design for targeting specific diseases. Carbohydrates birthed a whole new vocabulary into chemistry, biochemistry and related disciplines -- a new language in the form of distinct characters and images providing professional chemists not in the area of carbohydrates to become familiar and knowledgeable on the topic. Carbohydrate Drug Design provides the indispensable understanding of the mutual challenge between carbohydrate-based drugs and the deadly diseases which they target. Carbohydrate Drug Design discusses pre-clinical studies and clinical trials of carbohydrate-based drugs, drug delivery and pain managements, biocompatibility, clearance and metabolic pathways of carbohydrate drugs, and actual medical devices employing carbohydrates. The invasion of cancer cells, protein-glycan interactions and their inhibitors, new carbohydrate-based therapeutics, crystal structure of antibodies with unusually high affinity for carbohydrates, and a number of other features of carbohydrate drugs are also comprehensively covered. Galactomannans and hyaluronans, as well as thio-, imino- and carba-sugars are particularly considered in respect to their structural and functional impacts.

Carbohydrates in Drug Discovery and Development: Synthesis and Applications examines recent and notable developments in the synthesis, biology, therapeutic, and biomedical applications of carbohydrates, which is considered to be a highly promising area of research in the field of medicinal chemistry. Their role in several important biological processes, notably energy storage, transport, modulation of protein function, intercellular adhesion, malignant transformation, signal transduction, viral, and bacterial cell surface recognition formulate the carbohydrate systems to be an exceedingly considerable scaffold for the development of new chemical entities of pharmacological importance. In addition to their easy accessibility, high functionality and chiralpool characteristics are the few additional fascinating structural features of carbohydrates, which further enhance their utilities and thus they have been able to attract chemists and biologists toward harnessing these properties for the past several decades. This book covers an advanced aspect of carbohydrate-based molecular scaffolding, starting with a general introduction followed by a detailed discussion about the impact of diverse carbohydrate-containing molecules of great therapeutic values and their impact on drug discovery and development. The topics covered in this book include the significance of heparin mimetics as the possible tools for the modulation of biology and therapy, chemistry and bioactivities of C-glycosylated compounds, inositols, iminosugars, KDO, sialic acids, glycohybrids, macrocycles, plant oligosaccharides, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer vaccines, antibiotics, and more. • Presents a practical and detailed overview of a wide range of carbohydrate systems including KDO, sialic acids, inositols, iminosugars, etc relevant for drug discovery and development. • Highlights the use of functionalized carbohydrates as synthons for the construction of various systems. • Covers recent developments in the synthesis of various glycohybrid molecules and vaccines. • Highlights the significance of heparin mimetics as tools for the modulation of biology. • Provides an impact of glycan microarrays and carbohydrate– protein interaction.

The structural complexity and the synthetic challenges facing glycans have historically hampered efforts to study their multifaceted roles and the application of carbohydrates in drug development. However, in very recent years, new synthetic techniques flanked by the growing knowledge about carbohydrate involvement in physiological and pathological states has spurred renewed interest in the chemistry, biology and therapeutic potentialities of carbohydrates. This book offers an overview of key aspects of carbohydrate biology and chemistry that are fundamental for the design of novel therapeutics. The four-part structure of this book introduces these essential components to life, starting from their structure and biological roles and covering analytical methods and synthesis which pave the way for the development of a wide range of therapeutic applications.Leading experts from around the world are brought together to offer their recent research with the ultimate aim of enlightening the reader on the complex yet exciting field of carbohydrate chemistry. Academic and industrial researchers in structural biology, drug discovery and carbohydrate chemistry will find this book an essential guide to the latest research and future potential of medicinal chemistry.

Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

This book contains original papers and reviews on carbohydrate research in medicine, authored by participants of the 29th International Carbohydrate Symposium, where this topic had a special emphasis. The focus on biological events involving carbohydrates and glycoconjugates has delivered reliable approaches for disease treatment and diagnosis. Research on carbohydrate-based compounds for therapeutic applications is illustrated in various contributions, namely those covering the development of novel agents against Alzheimer’s disease, e.g. the neuroprotective C-glucosylated flavones and the isonucleoside-based cholinesterase inhibitors. New imino sugar glucosidase inhibitors are also disclosed, a class of compounds with potential for diabetes, Gaucher disease or cancer treatment. Also the development of a useful synthetic method towards multivalent glycoclusters of biomedical interest is here highlighted. The relevance of glycomimetics in drug discovery and the progress on carbohydrates in early diagnosis and cancer treatment are reviewed. Noteworthy is the chitosan-based delivery system for drug oral administration, a new biomaterial-based approach to improve bioavailability. Another study on the conformation of Streptococcus capsular polysaccharide backbones by molecular modelling provides useful information for bacterial immunotherapeutic approaches. All original contributions and reviews clearly demonstrate the potential of glycosciences for innovation in medicinal (glyco)chemistry and pharmaceutical research.

In recent years there has been increasing evidence of the importance of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates in biomedical applications, and the use of synthetic ligands based on carbohydrates as drugs has received much attention. Focussing on drug discovery from key targets and placing an emphasis on the multi-disciplinary approaches necessary to challenge these issues, this book comprehensively covers the new and recent discoveries in the area of carbohydrate drug discovery. Carbohydrates in Drug Design and Discovery is split into five sections, beginning with a introduction and perspective on the current market. The book then goes on to discuss new synthetic methods in glycobiology, the use of glycobiology in chemical biology and glycobiology in drug discovery. Providing a worldwide perspective on this broad area, and providing examples of therapeutics already developed using these methods, this book provides a comprehensive introduction, discussion and update on this fast developing field for medicinal chemists and biochemists working in industry and academia.