China Catalyst

Maximize your presence in the China market To drive the next round of global growth, companies will need to transition their operations and focus to one that serves the Chinese consumer. China Catalyst examines in-depth the transition currently underway in China from an export-led economic machine to a consumer-driven market. It outlines the economic imperative proving that greater consumer reach in China is a requirement in today's globally competitive market. China Catalyst also provides analysis that segments the market, helping you understand the hotbeds of emerging consumer demand helping prioritize your company's growth expansion in the market. Provides a current view of the growth and channels of modern retail now growing across the entire market Considers the importance of understanding China's 'Digital World,' the unique online universe that is critical to reaching new consumers Explores the current distribution as well as the supply chain trends and challenges that will help form the basis of a distribution strategy fundamental to market expansion Leaders of Fortune 500 companies are beginning to realize that tapping the full growth opportunity in the China market is a requirement. Those companies that successfully make this transition will be among the winners in the next era of global competition. China Catalyst will enable you to be at the forefront in understanding this transition and capitalize on this historic shift.

Finance and Society in 21st Century China considers how far the modern economy is disconnected from Chinese culture and history, and questions the common assumption that China has outgrown its reliance on its Western counterparts. Junie Tong applies the work of Belgian economist, banker and social commentator Bernard Lietaer in a specifically Chinese context, highlighting the need to root finance and enterprise in the rhythms and forces within Chinese culture to avoid future chaos and achieve socioeconomic stability in a country now so critical to global well-being.

This book provides a review of worldwide developments in ammonia synthesis catalysts over the last 30 years. It focuses on the new generation of Fe1-xO based catalysts and ruthenium catalysts — both are major breakthroughs for fused iron catalysts. The basic theory for ammonia synthesis is systematically explained, covering topics such as the chemical components, crystal structure, preparation, reduction, performance evaluation, characterization of the catalysts, the mechanism and kinetics of ammonia synthesis reaction. Both theory and practice are combined in this presentation, with emphasis on the research methods, application and exploitation of catalysts. The comprehensive volume includes an assessment of the economic and engineering aspects of ammonia plants based on the performance of catalysts. Recent developments in photo-catalysis, electro-catalysis, biocatalysis and new uses of ammonia are also introduced in this book. The author, Professor Huazhang Liu, has been engaged in research and practice for more than 50 years in this field and was the inventor of the first Fe1-xO based catalysts in the world. He has done a lot of research on Fe3O4 based- and ruthenium based-catalysts, and has published more than 300 papers and obtained 21 patents during his career. Contents:Historical Evolution of Catalysts for Ammonia SynthesisCatalytic Reaction Mechanisms of Ammonia SynthesisChemical Composition and Structure of Fused Iron CatalystsPreparation of Fused Iron CatalystsReduction of Fused Iron CatalystsRuthenium Based Ammonia Synthesis CatalystsPerformance Evaluation and Characterization of CatalystsPerformance and Application of CatalystsEffect of Catalyst Performance on the Economic Benefits of Catalytic ProcessInnovation and Speculation Readership: Researchers in academia and industry working on catalysts for ammonia synthesis. Keywords:Ammonia Synthesis;Catalysts;Catalytic;Iron Catalyst;Fused Iron Catalyst;Ruthenium CatalystKey Features:Provides a review of worldwide developments in ammonia synthesis catalysts over the last 30 yearsFocuses on the new generation of Fe1-xO based catalysts and ruthenium catalystsCombines theory and practice, with emphasis on research methods and industrial exploitation

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Catalyst Deactivation 1991 was an expanded version of earlier, highly successful symposia. The symposium featured invited and solicited papers including 4 plenary lectures, 78 oral presentations and 23 poster papers. Most of the papers are contained in this volume. The eight main topics emphasised at this most recent symposium were: deactivation mechanisms/phenomena (carbon deposition, poisoning, and sintering), methods (modeling and techniques), and important catalysts (hydrotreating, oxides, and zeolites). All of these areas were well represented as attested by the substantial number of papers contained in these proceedings. Four review papers based on the plenary lectures provide state-of-the-art perspectives on new thrusts in deactivation research and development.

The invention of novel and improved catalysts has a valuable impact on human activities and on our planet. Efficient catalysts are expected to be stable, active, and selective. In the past, the development of new catalysts has mainly depended on trial and error, a laborious and time-consuming approach. Nowadays, the mechanistic details of numerous important chemical reactions have been unraveled, and this information is useful for intelligently design novel catalysts. Thus, all the efforts devoted to facilitating a deep understanding of intricate catalytic mechanisms and to the preparation of novel catalysts relying on this are priceless. Chemists must set up adequate strategies, merging experimental and computational knowledge and abilities toward tuning the performance of molecules that might be successful in the lab. The contributions in this book collection are some examples of this modern chemical design.

As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of advanced materials science. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050. In their entirety, the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China's modernization, the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, work out China's S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with China's reality, further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China's modernization, and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China's reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the reports provide researchers, government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment. Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation's highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government's decision-making, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote China's high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas.

Co-edited by world-renowned scientists in the field of catalysis, this book contains the cutting-edge in situ and operando spectroscopy characterization techniques operating under reaction conditions to determine a materials’ bulk, surface, and solution complex and their applications in the field of catalysis with emphasis on solid catalysts in powder form since such catalyst are relevant for industrial applications. The handbook covers from widely-used to cutting-edge techniques. The handbook is written for a broad audience of students and professionals who want to pursue the full capabilities available by the current state-of-the-art in characterization to fully understand how their catalysts really operate and guide the rational design of advanced catalysts. Individuals involved in catalysis research will be interested in this handbook because it contains a catalogue of cutting-edge methods employed in characterization of catalysts. These techniques find wide use in applications such as petroleum refining, chemical manufacture, natural gas conversion, pollution control, transportation, power generation, pharmaceuticals and food processing. fdsfds