Cholecystokinin And Its Antagonists In Pain Management

Examine the strong evidence of this unrealized pain management tool Cholecystokinin (CCK), the regulatory peptide hormone found primarily in the gastrointestinal tract that works as a neurotransmitter throughout the nervous system, has been researched for years. CCK antagonists in conjunction with opioids are beginning to be seen as having possible major therapeutic benefits in pain management. Cholecystokinin and Its Antagonists in Pain Management is an extensive examination that gathers the mounting compelling evidence into one comprehensive source. Here researchers, neuroscientists, physicians, and pharmacy professionals are given the research and findings they need to explore the possible applications of CCK antagonists for a variety of illnesses. Cholecystokinin and Its Antagonists in Pain Management extensively describes opioids in pain management, CCK and the body’s uses for the chemical, CCK receptor antagonists, and the evidence that points to its being a possible breakthrough application in pain management. Various animal studies are offered that present a convincing view of what may be the future of chronic pain management, with less side effects and a reduction in analgesic tolerance than when opioids are used alone. Potential uses of CCK antagonists are clearly discussed. The book is comprehensively referenced and provides several tables and graphs to fully illustrate the research findings. Topics in Cholecystokinin and Its Antagonists in Pain Management include: in vivo localization of CCK CCK as a gut and nervous system peptide factors that increase CCK anti-opioid effects CCK receptor antagonists pro-analgesic effect of CCK antagonists CCK antagonists reducing analgesic tolerance to opioids safety of combining opioids and CCK antagonists human clinical application of CCK antagonists Cholecystokinin and Its Antagonists in Pain Management is a crucial source of the latest information and research results on CCK that is certain to be important for neuroscientists, clinicians, and pharmaceutical industry professionals.

Local-regional anesthesia and pain therapy represent two areas of common interest for all physicians. A thorough preparation in functional anatomy and general pharmacology, including familiarity with local anesthetics and analgesics, is considered fundamental background for further study or clinical application of such techniques. Knowledge of the mechanisms of action, efficacies and side effects of the relevant drugs is essential, as is appreciation of possible drug interactions to evaluate eventual toxic effects. Local-regional anesthesia and pain management are being increasing used in diverse medical specialties, including those requiring manual dexterity. In contemporary medicine correct evaluation of the medical outcome becomes essential, especially in relation to the cost-benefit balance, not only in terms of the resources consumed, also and more importantly for the quality of life of the patient.

This textbook provides an overview of pain management useful to specialists as well as non-specialists, surgeons, and nursing staff.

Conventional pharmaceutical approaches to pain management are notalways successful. Using only those medications that have anofficial indication for a certain condition reducessubstantially the chance of the patient gaining pain relief and mayexpose them to intolerable side effects. However evidence nowexists on the use of other drugs, produced for non-pain conditions,and how they can substantially increase the chances of pain relief. Covering the most recent developments in this field, McCleaneoffers an alternative solution to pain treatment when conventionaltreatments fail. This pioneering book proposes evidence-basedalternatives to current options in pain management, usingwell-grounded rationales for each given treatment. This book is an ideal reference for the specialist andnon-specialist prescriber alike and for practitioners from a widevariety of disciplines. It provides the evidence required andtreatment algorithms for readers to use the drugs appropriately andto explore the field if they wish.

The Essence of Analgesia and Analgesics is an invaluable practical resource for clinicians giving pain relief in any clinical setting, describing the pharmacologic principles and clinical use of all available pain medications. As well as detailed overviews of pain processing and analgesic theory, sections are dedicated to oral and panteral opioid analgesics, neuraxial opioids, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, anticonvulsant type analgesics, NMDA antagonists, alpha adrenergic analgesics, antidepressant analgesics, muscle relaxants, adjuvant medications, and new and emerging analgesics. The concise format of the chapters allows for quick and easy reading and assimilation of information. Enhanced by summary tables and figures, each chapter provides an overview of a particular drug, covering chemical structure, mode of activity, indications, contraindications, common doses and uses, advantages and disadvantages, and drug related adverse events. Key references are also provided. Edited by leading experts in pain management, this is essential reading for any clinician involved in pain management.

The second edition of Fundamentals of Anaesthesia builds upon the success of the first edition, and encapsulates the modern practice of anaesthesia in a single volume. Written and edited by a team of expert contributors, it provides a comprehensive but easily readable account of all of the information required by the FRCA Primary examination candidate and has been expanded to include more detail on all topics and to include new topics now covered in the examination. As with the previous edition, presentation of information is clear and concise, with the use of lists, tables, summary boxes and line illustrations where necessary to highlight important information and aid the understanding of complex topics. Great care has been taken to ensure an unrivalled consistency of style and presentation throughout.

Recent advances in technology have greatly impacted upon the practice of nuclear medicine in general, and the approach to hepatobiliary diseases in particular. Empha sis is now placed more on non-invasive functional imaging with quantification, a feature unique to nuclear medicine and not available from any other competing diag nostic imaging modality. By providing a measure of severity of disease, quantification aids not only in timing of therapy but also for testing whether or not the chosen therapy has achieved the intended goals and objectives. This is the first textbook of its kind in the new millennium on nuclear hepatology to fully integrate quantitative physiology with morphology in the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases. The conception of nuclear hepatology occurred in the late 1940s with the introduc tion of radiocolloids, whose rate of clearance from blood was used as a measure of hepatic blood flow. Radiocolloid imaging of the liver, introduced first in the mid 1950s, was the most popular nuclear medicine imaging procedure in the 1970s and early 1980s, accounting for nearly 50% of the total workload in many nuclear medicine departments.

Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides, Second Edition, is the definitive, indispensable reference for peptide researchers, biochemists, cell and molecular biologists, neuroscientists, pharmacologists, and endocrinologists. Its chapters are designed to be a source for workers in the field and enable researchers working in a specific area to examine related areas outside their expertise. Peptides play a crucial role in many physiological processes, including actions as neurotransmitters, hormones, and antibiotics. Research has shown their importance in such fields as neuroscience, immunology, pharmacology, and cell biology. The second edition of Handbook of Biologically Active Peptides presents this tremendous body of knowledge in the field of biologically active peptides in one single reference. The section editors and contributors represent some of the most sophisticated and distinguished scientists working in basic sciences and clinical medicine. Presents all aspects of biologically active peptides in one resource Features more than 20 sections spanning plant, bacterial, fungal, venom, and invertebrate peptides to general peptides Includes immunological, inflammatory, cancer, vaccine, and neurotrophic peptides Discusses peptide precursors, mRNA distribution, processing, and receptors, not just pathophysiological implications