Coal Tar And Ammonia Volume 1

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 edition. Excerpt: ...most part formed during the process of distillation itself; but this view cannot be maintained in face of the smooth synthesis from toluene-styrene by Kraemer and Spilker. Kraemer (priv. comm.) states that the above observation cannot be correct; by overheating phenol mere traces of anthracene are formed. Zmerzlikar Z. angew. Chem., 1895, p. 468) denies the possibility of the formation of anthracene by the overheating of phenols. Anthracene has also been found in that peculiar greasy substance called "stupp," which is formed in the distillation of mercury from its ores (G. Goldschmidt and M. von Schmidt). Its preparation from the highest-boiling constituents of coal-tar, and the analysis of crude anthracene, will be minutely described in a separate chapter later on (Chapter VII.). The preparation of chemically pure anthracene (which is not a commercial article) is not easy, unless crude anthracene 1 Ber., 1885, p. 859. distilled over caustic potash can be employed. From this, by one washing with carbon disulphide and several recrystallizations from petroleum spirit, pyridine or benzene, beautiful white scales with blue fluorescence are obtained, which it is very difficult to obtain from ordinary crude anthracene. This is best accomplished after subliming this at the lowest possible temperature and washing with ether to remove yellow colouringmatters; or it is dissolved in benzene and bleached by sunlight, in which case a little paranthracene is always formed. The safest way to obtain chemically pure anthracene is to reduce its derivatives by zinc-dust.1 Pure anthracene forms shining white scales (clinorhombic prisms) with purple fluorescence. It fuses at 210 (Fritzsche, Berthelot), or 213 (Graebe and Liebermann), or 2i6-5...

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1887 edition. Excerpt: ...I give them in what appears to me to be the order of their importance: --"1st. A physical action. A very greatly increased solidity is effected by choking up the pores, thus agglutinating the whole. mass of the wood into a more or less solid block. Apart from its rendering the wood more solid, this physical action is important in preventing the subsequent absorption of moisture. "2nd. A physiological action. The smell of the creosote imparted to the wood prevents germinal life, well known to be destructive to timber, from being developed within it. Seeing that the preservation of timber has been effected by such materials as chloride of zinc, sulphate of copper, &c., with greater or less success, and that the action of these bodies must be mainly, although I admit not entirely, dependent on their toxic properties, this physiological action is one of importance. It must be remembered, moreover, that creosote has the advantage of a well-marked smell, which odour most of the lower animals dislike. In this respect it is superior to the other bodies I have named. "Further, it is worth pointing out that all the constituents of the coal-tar, and not the tar-acids only, have a more or less wellmarked tarry odour. "3rd. A chemical action. Respecting the chemical action, I would draw attention to the fact that tar-acids are not only antiseptic, but that they possess the power of coagulating albumen. It is to this latter action that I shall have to refer later on in this Report, as playing an important part, in my opinion, in the preservation of the timber. "Now, the two following questions arise: --(1 st) Upon what constituents of the creosote does its value specially depend, and what are the relative values of its...