Compressed Air

In the field of compressed gases and related equipment, there is an expanding core of essential knowledge that people handling and using these materials should be familiar with or should know where to find. The focus ofthis book concerns the properties and the accepted means oftransportation, storage, and handlingofcompressed gases. This handbook is simultaneously intended as an overview ofthe subject and a source ofsupplementary information. It is also intended to serve as a guide to perti nent federal regulatory requirements and published standards of the Compressed Gas Association and other standards-developing organizations. The Association advises readers that the CGA technical publications remain the official statement ofpolicy on a particular matter. Reference is made throughout this text to the numerous technical publications published by the Compressed Gas Association. Some ofthese publications have been incorporated by reference into federal, state, provincial, and local regulations. Since the CGA publications are reviewed on a periodic basis, whenever the textofthis handbook conflicts with corresponding information in the CGA technical pamphlets, the most recently printed material shall take precedence.

In the field of compressed gases and related equipment, there is an expanding core of essential knowledge that people handling and using these materials should be familiar with or should know where to find when necessary. The focus of this book concerns the properties and the accepted means of trans portation, storage, and handling of compressed gases. This Handbook is simul taneously intended as an overview of the subject and a source of supplementary information. It is also intended to serve as a guide to pertinent federal regulatory requirements and published standards of the Compressed Gas Association and other standards-writing bodies. Readers are advised that the CGA technical pamphlets remain the official state ment of policy by the Association on a particular matter. Reference is made throughout this text to the numerous technical pamphlets published by the Com pressed Gas Association. Some of these publications have been incorporated by reference into federal, state, provincial, and local regulations. Since these pam phlets are reviewed on a periodic basis, wherever the text of this Handbook may be found in conflict with corresponding information in the CGA technical pam phlets, the latter shall take precedence.

This book summarizes the “interim result” of the servitization activities in manufacturing industries. While the early literature on servitization tended to stress only its advantages, more recently, scholars have also started to refer to the challenges associated with servitization. This book attempts to give a balanced picture of servitization. The book is structured in four parts: Part I introduces the topic by presenting the most recent academic discussion about servitization and uses an empirical analysis to show the degree of servitization across Europe. The results of this analysis are then compared to the discussion in the literature. This comparison highlights the existing discrepancies between the rather euphoric literature and the more skeptical practical experience. The second and third parts attempt to explain these discrepancies by taking as a starting point the assumption that servitization recommendations have to consider the heterogeneity of the manufacturing sector and the capabilities of the provider. Part II presents articles which analyze the specific characteristics of different sectors with their barriers and potentials and presents frameworks for a successful servitization of the core sectors in European manufacturing industries which include, e.g. aeronautics, automotive, ICT, chemical industries, pulp and paper industries and different engineering sectors. Part III focuses on companies’ capabilities which are necessary for successful servitization. These include strategic management, marketing, organization, innovation, engineering, human resources, controlling, quality and networks. All the contributions in parts II and III add up to a detailed picture of servitization for sectors and functions and indicate the practical implications for enterprises in manufacturing industries. The fourth part concludes the book with a chapter summarizing the findings and giving an outlook of servitization in manufacturing industries, its challenges and future developments.

Compressed air systems are the third most important utility to industry and are commonly the most misunderstood. Written to appeal to operators, mechanics and junior engineers, this manual is designed to provide a solid understanding of common compression systems and operations techniques. Using this book, the users learn tips and techniques for: creating a baseline of system performance, determining the impact of different compressors and compressor control types for the job at hand, and learning basic approaches to general maintenance.