Cuba From The Beginnings To 1990

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First Published in 1990. This collection of articles has been produced, not just to mark the thirtieth anniversary of the Cuban revolution, but because the anniversary has fallen at a time of important political developments affecting the Caribbean island.

Tria Giovan first traveled to Cuba in 1990. Over the next six years she took twelve month-long trips, traversing the island numerous times, and making over 25,000 images. Immersing herself in Cuba's history, literature and politics, she photographed interiors of homes and businesses, city streets, rural landscapes, signs and billboards, and, most of all, the people, creating a compelling body of work that captures the subtleties and layered complexities of day-to-day Cuba born from complete engagement and informed perspective. Cuba The Elusive Island published by Harry N. Abrams in 1996--a collector's item--first brought together 100 of these images, along with a selection of writings by some of Cuba's most important writers. Twenty years later, Giovan re-edited the images, while working to preserve the original 6 x 9 color negatives. Through this intensive re-examination, a new more complex view of the historical significance of this work has emerged. Images previously disregarded or missed now stand out as a record of elements that no longer exist and one of a Cuba poised on the brink of change. The 120 selected images featured in The Cuba Archive , many of which have never been shown, reveal Cuba at a pivotal point in its storied and fascinating history, and bear witness to an inimitable, resilient and complex country and people.

This book is the first examination of the Cuban military in the context of Cuba's political and economic challenges in the aftermath of the collapse of the USSR - and therefore of Soviet economic, political and psychological support. It provides important historical and political contexts of the development and engagement of the military.

The Cuban Revolution succeeded in 1959 in the face of official U.S. opposition, an abortive Bay of Pigs invasion, and an economic embargo. Cuban dependence on the United States dated to the U.S. occupation of the island from 1898 to 1901 and subsequent interventions in 1906-1909, 1912, and 1917. Historically, the Cuban economy has depended on the export of sugar. Before the revolution the United States imported the largest share of Cuban sugar; after 1960 the Soviet Union assumed this role, and in exchange Cuba had to import its fuel and some of its foodstuffs, raw materials, and capital goods.

This collection examines Cuban cultural production during the Special Period of the 1990s, following the collapse of the Soviet Bloc. Contributors address the cultural forms; and the associated ethics and practices of labour, leisure, and bureaucratic organization that arose in the transformation of the socialist cultural infrastructure.

This is the second of two volumes to bear witness to the Cuban experience. Together with its predecessor, Cuba: Twenty-Five Years of Revolution, it offers a positive account. Yet, it is sensitive to the dilemmas and flawed strategies in Cuba's thirty-year process of transformation. It warns that no preconceived notion of state or of development will help grasp the multifaceted nature of this nation, which reflects aspects of both developed and underdeveloped nations. Seventeen chapters, five of which are from Cuban contributors, thoroughly investigate recent political, economic, and social changes as well as the successes and failures of long-term development policies. Heavy attention is paid to the rectification process launched by Castro in 1986. This volume portrays a Cuba facing the 1990s with a burst of increased vigor in its efforts to secure continued far-reaching transformation. Seventeen chapters describe major changes in the economic realm caught up in the rectification campaign; a slow process of liberalization in the political sphere; and a Cuba that, in social terms, is far better off than any other Latin American country.

This is the first book in more than three decades to offer a complete and chronological history of revolutionary Cuba, including the years of rebellion that led to the revolution. Beginning with Batista’s coup in 1952, which catalyzed the rebels, and bringing the reader to the present-day transformations initiated by Raúl Castro, Luis Martínez-Fernández provides a balanced interpretive synthesis of the major topics of contemporary Cuban history. Expertly weaving the myriad historic, social, and political forces that shaped the island nation during this period, Martínez-Fernández examines the circumstances that allowed the revolution to consolidate in the early 1960s, the Soviet influence throughout the latter part of the Cold War, and the struggle to survive the catastrophic Special Period of the 1990s after the collapse of the U.S.S.R. He tackles the island’s chronic dependence on sugar production, which started with the plantations centuries ago and continues to shape culture and society. He analyzes the revolutionary pendulum that continues to swing between idealism and pragmatism, focusing on its effects on the everyday lives of the Cuban people, and—bucking established trends in Cuban scholarship—Martínez-Fernández systematically integrates the Cuban diaspora into the larger discourse of the revolution. Concise, well written, and accessible, this book is an indispensable survey of the history and themes of the socialist revolution that forever changed Cuba and the world.