Daughters In The Hebrew Bible

While the expectations and circumstances of women’s lives in ancient Israel have received considerable attention in recent scholarship, to date little attention has been focused on the role of daughters in Hebrew narrative‒‒that is, of yet unmarried female members of the household, who are not yet mothers. Kimberly D. Russaw argues that daughters are more than foils for the males (fathers, brothers, etc.) in biblical narratives and that they often use particular tactics to navigate antagonistic systems of power in their worlds. Institutions and power structures favor the patriarch, sons inherit such privileges and benefits, and wives and mothers are ascribed special status because they ensure the patrilineal legacy by birthing sons; but daughters do not receive such social favor or standing. Instead of privileging daughters, systems and institutions control their bodies, restrict their access, and constrict their movement. Combining philological data, social-science models, and cross-cultural comparisons, Russaw examines the systems that constrict biblical daughters in their worlds and the strategies they employ when hostile social forces threaten their well-being.

Female characters are essential to biblical stories. The Creation Story is incomplete without the woman, Eve. The patriarchs, Abraham and Isaac, are paired with Sarah and Rebekah. Readers remember Laban's daughters, Leah and Rachel, as Jacob's wives and the matriarchs of the Tribes of Israel. Alongside King David, Bathsheba figures prominently into the monarchical narrative of crime, punishment, and family dysfunction, and Jezebel stands as the alluring and seductive cause of group dissention, disorder, and chaos during the reign of her husband, King Ahab. As these examples demonstrate, female characters oftentimes function as foils to powerful, marquee males, but such is usually the case only when the women are wives or mothers. In a patriarchal world like that depicted in the biblical text, fathers, male offspring, wives, and mothers enjoy status unavailable to other kinds of women, like daughters.

A thorough examination of father-daughter depictions in the Hebrew Bible exploring a broad spectrum of metaphors, myths, legal texts and narrative accounts and drawing on methodologies from the social sciences to investigate the Hebrew Bible portrayals of this key familial relationship.

Remembered primarily as the prostitute who helped the Israelites claim the land of promise, Rahab has been relegated to the crevices of the story and the reader's imagination. Described as foreign woman and branded as a sex-worker, Rahab nevertheless defies the authority of the Jericho king and negotiates with representatives of the Israelite army, thereby saving her family and more. According to author Kimberly Russaw, Rahab, rather than being one-dimensional, is a complex, unwieldy character who upends the patriarchal ecosystem. By reframing Rahab, Russaw offers the biblical character as an exemplar of the inconvenient characters who persist at the margins even today. Russaw argues that the writers of Judges make the point that God is a promise keeper even to those beyond the Israelite camp.

Just as women in the Bible have been overlooked for much of interpretative history, children in the Bible have fascinating and compelling stories that scholars have largely ignored. This groundbreaking book focuses on children in the Hebrew Bible. The author argues that the biblical writers recognized children as different from adults and used these ideas to shape their stories. She provides conceptual and historical frameworks for understanding children and childhood, and examines Hebrew terms related to children and youth. The book introduces a new methodology of childist interpretation and applies it to the Elisha cycle (2 Kings 2-8), which contains forty-nine child characters. Combining literary insights with social-scientific evidence, the author demonstrates that children play critical roles in the world of the text as well as the culture that produced it.

The status of women in the ancient Judaism of the Hebrew Bible and Rabbinic texts has long been a contested issue. What does being a Jewess entail in antiquity? Men in ancient Jewish culture are defined primarily by what duties they are expected to perform, the course of action that they take. The Jewess, in contrast, is bound by stricture. Writing on the formation and transformation of the ideology of female Jewishness in the ancient world, Zlotnick places her treatment in a broad, comparative, Mediterranean context, bringing in parallels from Greek and Roman sources. Drawing on episodes from the Hebrew Bible and on Midrashic, Mishnaic, and Talmudic texts, she pays particular attention to the ways in which they attempt to determine the boundaries of communal affiliation through real and perceived differences between Israelites, or Jews, on one hand and non-Israelites, or Gentiles, on the other. Women are often associated in the sources with the forbidden, and foreign women are endowed with a curious freedom of action and choice that is hardly ever shared by their Jewish counterparts. Delilah, for instance, is one of the most autonomous women in the Bible, appearing without patronymic or family ties. She also brings disaster. Dinah, the Jewess, by contrast, becomes an agent of self-destruction when she goes out to mingle with gentile female friends. In ancient Judaism the lessons of such tales were applied as rules to sustain membership in the family, the clan, and the community. While Zlotnick's central project is to untangle the challenges of sex, gender, and the formation of national identity in antiquity, her book is also a remarkable study of intertextual relations within the Jewish literary tradition.

Retelling of the stories of women from the Bible, including Miriam, Zipporah, Ruth, Abigail, Huldah and Esther, who use their wits, inner strength, and faith to overcome the challenges that face them.

“This splendid reference describes every woman in Jewish and Christian scripture . . . monumental” (Library Journal). In recent decades, many biblical scholars have studied the holy text with a new focus on gender. Women in Scripture is a groundbreaking work that provides Jews, Christians, or anyone fascinated by a body of literature that has exerted a singular influence on Western civilization a thorough look at every woman and group of women mentioned in the Bible, whether named or unnamed, well known or heretofore not known at all. They are remarkably varied—from prophets to prostitutes, military heroines to musicians, deacons to dancers, widows to wet nurses, rulers to slaves. There are familiar faces, such as Eve, Judith, and Mary, seen anew with the full benefit of the most up-to-date results of biblical scholarship. But the most innovative aspect of this book is the section devoted to the many females who in the scriptures do not even have names. Combining rigorous research with engaging prose, these articles on women in the Hebrew Bible, the Apocryphal/Deuterocanonical Books, and the New Testament will inform, delight, and challenge readers interested in the Bible, scholars and laypeople alike. Together, these collected histories create a volume that takes the study of women in the Bible to a new level.