Den Store Konomiske Krisen I Hellas

Hvorfor gikk Hellas inn i en økonomisk krise som startet i 2008? Hva forårsaket en av de største økonomiske krisene den vestlige verden noensinne har opplevd? Hvilke muligheter og håp gjenstår for greske borgere? Den greske økonomien gikk inn i en dyp krise i 2008, med alvorlige konsekvenser for innbyggerne. På kort tid forverret situasjonen seg så mye at landet ble en systemisk risiko for verdensøkonomien. Som følge av dette opplevde befolkningen drastiske inngrep og kraftige nedskjæringer i mange sektorer, inkludert helsevesen, velferd og pensjoner. Den 19. august 2011 stemplet et ledende medlem av den greske regjeringen mange av de tidligere vedtatte sparetiltakene som unødvendige. I mellomtiden ble befolkningen utsatt for restriksjoner uten sidestykke, kvalt av lønnskutt og uholdbare skatteøkninger. I dette korte essayet vil vi ta for oss krisen i Hellas nedenfra og opp, og forklare årsakene til krisen og hvilke konsekvenser den har hatt for befolkningen. Vi vil studere årsakene som forårsaket krisen i Hellas og forklare hvilke tiltak andre land har brukt for å avhjelpe lignende vanskelige situasjoner og for å se på fremtiden igjen med større håp og ro.

Some of the worst effects of the global economic downturn that commenced in 2008 have been felt in Europe, and specifically in the Eurozone’s so-called PIIGS (Portugal, Italy, Ireland, Greece, and Spain) and Cyprus. This edited volume is the first collection to bring together ethnographies of living with austerity inside the Eurozone, and explore how people across Southern Europe have come to understand their experiences of increased social suffering, insecurity, and material poverty. The contributors focus on how crises stimulate temporal thought (temporality), whether tilted in the direction of historicizing, presentifying, futural thought, or some combination of these possibilities. One of the themes linking diverse crisis experiences across national boundaries is how people contemplate their present conditions and potential futures in terms of the past. The studies in this collection thus supply ethnographies that journey to the source of historical production by identifying the ways in which the past may be activated, lived, embodied, and refashioned under contracting economic horizons. In times of crisis modern linear historicism is often overridden (and overwritten) by other historicities showing that in crises not only time, but history itself as an organizing structure and set of expectations, is up for grabs and can be refashioned according to new rules. This book was originally published as a special issue of History and Anthropology.

Published each year since 1959, The Military Balance is an indispensable reference to the capabilities of armed forces across the globe. It will be of interest to anyone interested in security and military issues and is regularly consulted by academia, media, armed forces, the private sector and government. Key Elements: 1. Data on the military organisations, equipment inventories and defence budgets of 171 countries 2. Analysis of major developments affecting defence policy and procurement, and defence economics, arranged region-by-region. 3. Key trends in the land, sea and air domains, and in cyberspace 4. Selected defence procurement programmes, arranged region-by-region 5. Full-colour graphics including maps and illustrations 6. Extensive explanatory notes and references 7. The hardcopy edition is accompanied by a full-colour wall chart Features in the 2021 edition include: - Analytical texts on future maritime competition, battle management systems, China’s civil-military integration and fractures in the arms-control environment - Military cyber capabilities - Analysis of developments in defence policy, military capability and defence economics and industry for China, Egypt, Finland, Indonesia, Russia, Senegal and the United States. - A wallchart illustrating global submarine holdings and key trends in subsurface warfare

Examines how Norway has positioned itself as an alternative, environmentally-sound nation in a world filled with tension and instability.

By focusing on developments in the Nordic welfare states during the past decade, Nordic Social Policy provides new insights into the evolution of welfare state measures and generally assesses the peoples health in Sweden, Finland, Norway and Denmark. This comparative work includes chapters on *the changed preconditions of welfare policies *changes in the welfare measures *developments in the welfare of the people *developments in public support for the welfare states.

This volume presents a comprehensive exposition of both the prehistory and medieval history of the whole of Scandinavia. The first part of the volume surveys the prehistoric and historic Scandinavian landscape and its natural resources, and tells how man took possession of this landscape, adapting culturally to changing natural conditions and developing various types of community throughout the Stone, Bronze and Iron Ages. The rest - and most substantial part of the volume - deals with the history of Scandinavia from the Viking Age to the end of the Scandinavian Middle Ages (c. 1520). The external Viking expansion opened Scandinavia to European influence to a hitherto unknown degree. A Christian church organisation was established, the first towns came into being, and the unification of the three medieval kingdoms of Scandinavia began, coinciding with the formation of the unique Icelandic 'Free State'.