Dialectology As Dialectic

Dialectology proper has traditionally focused on the geographic distribution of language variation as an end in itself and has remained relatively segregated from other branches of linguistic and extra-linguistic inquiry. Cross-fertilizing winds have been blowing through the field for more than a decade, but much work remains for adequate synthesis. This book seeks to further the interdisciplinary integration of the field by highlighting, and harnessing, the many dialectic tensions inherent in language variation research and dialect definition. Undertaking a broadscale experiment in applied dialectics, the book demonstrates multiple grounds for insisting on a more robust, integrational approach to dialectology while simultaneously demonstrating grounds for defining the Phula languages of China and Vietnam. The Phula languages belong to the Burmic sub-branch of the Tibeto-Burman family and are primarily spoken in southeastern Yunnan Province, China. With origins as early as the ninth century, these language varieties have been left undefined, and largely unresearched, for hundreds of years. Based on extensive original fieldwork, the book identifies 24 synchronic Phula languages descended from three distinct macro-clades diachronically. This is accomplished by blending typological-descriptive, historical-comparative and socio-cognitive perspectives. Diagnostics include both qualitative and quantitative measurements, and insights from history, geography, ethnology, language contact, sociolinguistics and more are called on for data interpretation. This dialogic approach incorporates complexity by asserting that dialectology itself best flourishes as an interdependent dialectic - a dynamic synthesis of competing perspectives.

This volume is a study addressed to professors and students interested in the philosophy of language. It is generally accepted, though in not sufficiently rigorous terms, that doxastic dialectics can be defined as being an exchange of opinions. Given the subjective rationality of doxa, the traditional doctrine uncovers philosophical limitations in this regard. Instead of minimizing the heuristic power of doxastic dialectics, this book looks at whether it might be possible to affirm doxa’s cognitive autonomy regarding episteme, focusing on the mechanism of decidability in doxastic thinking. The text advances three cognitive theses: that doxastic dialectics engenders cognitive intervals between belief, opinion and doxa; that doxastic dialectics opens conditions for an alternative truth, semantically constituted, not analytically proved; and that doxastic dialectics is the exclusive procedure by means of which the fundaments of axiology can be established.

Originally published in 1915, this book formed the first English monograph on the Swahili dialects. Detailed information is presented on variations between the many different dialects, together with an appendices section which includes the poem 'The Inkishafi', in both Swahili and an English translation. A significant aspect of the text is that it was written at a time when the newer dialect of Zanzibar was rapidly supplanting numerous older dialects; it can thus be seen as an important document of the Swahili language during a period of change. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in Swahili and the development of linguistics.