Electric Vehicle Propulsion Alternatives

A report summarizing 7 years of propulsion technology development for electric vehicles, including analytical studies, technology evaluation, and the development of technology for motors, controllers, transmissions, and complete propulsion systems.

This book embraces new technologies, but also helps cover what can be achieved with traditional propulsion methods. The chapters will introduce health and safety, electrical diagnosis and tooling, followed by technical chapters on the operation of low carbon technologies for alternative propulsion including: Hybrid and electric vehicles Liquefied petroleum gas LPG Compressed natural gas CNG Biodiesel Alcohol Hydrogen internal combustion engines Hydrogen fuel cells This book offers: Ideal support for learners and tutors undertaking automotive qualifications. Information to help cover the requirements for knowledge of low carbon technologies. Information to help cover the requirements for the knowledge and understanding of hybrid and electric vehicles. A large number of illustrations to support knowledge and understanding. Information that would be useful for emergency services, including police, fire, ambulance and Coastguard.

Considers S. 451, and related legislation, to authorize DOT and HEW to conduct studies of non-internal combustion powered vehicles and their applications in urban environments.

Scientific Essay from the year 2020 in the subject Physics - Thermodynamics, language: English, abstract: This document describes the development and calculation results of an efficiency-enhanced internal combustion machine (hereinafter referred to as BlueXTurb) with very low emission and consumption values, which can serve as an alternative vehicle power unit. The conventional Joule-Brayton cycle is greatly improved by drastically lowering the compressor outlet temperature and increasing the turbine inlet pressure. The thermodynamic efficiency of the machine is increased by increasing the total pressure ratio to over 500:1. This is made possible by supplying the oxidizer in cold liquid form (approx. -190 ° C) with the greatest possible density and the least compressibility. The turbo-electric power unit concept promises the greatest advantages for a motor vehicle, i.e. a turbine that directly drives a (high-frequency) generator and can thus be kept at the optimal operating point. This means that electricity is available in a current/voltage conversion - with intermediate storage if necessary. The weight of the energy carrier - cold liquefied air and a small amount of liquid or gaseous fuel - including the vessel can be reduced by at least half compared to the traction battery of an electric vehicle of the same range. Gasoline, natural gas, ethanol, hydrogen, e-fuels or a gas mixture such as hythane can serve as a fuel. Compared to a modern, conventional Otto engine, the CO2 emissions of a car with a gasoline BlueXTurb power unit can be reduced by around 60-70% under realistic conditions. An H2-BlueXTurb enables a cost-effective and compact CO2-free propulsion system. The concept is able to meet the European CO2 emission limits, both as a car power unit and as a truck propulsion system by 2030.

The book presents – based on the most recent research and development results worldwide - the perspectives of new propulsion concepts such as electric cars with batteries and fuel cells, and furthermore plug in hybrids with conventional and alternative fuels. The propulsion concepts are evaluated based on specific power, torque characteristic, acceleration behaviour, specific fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. The alternative fuels are discussed in terms of availability, production, technical complexity of the storage on board, costs, safety and infrastructure. The book presents summarized data about vehicles with electric and hybrid propulsion. The propulsion of future cars will be marked by diversity – from compact electric city cars and range extender vehicles for suburban and rural areas up to hybrid or plug in SUV ́s, Pick up ́s and luxury class automobiles.