Enforcement Of International And Eu Law In Maritime Affairs

Ocean governance has its legal basis in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and in numerous international maritime conventions. These rules help to balance conflicting interests in the uses of the oceans and seas and the protection and preservation of the marine environment. Their efficiency depends, however, on their enforcement. In 2007 Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Peter Ehlers and Prof. Dr. Rainer Lagoni organized a seminar on 'Enforcement of International and EU Law in Maritime Affairs'. Participants were graduate scholars of the International Max Planck Research School for Maritime Affairs (IMPRS) at the University of Hamburg and graduate students. Their papers cover various aspects of enforcement relating to the new Wreck Removal Convention and to rules of the European Union, such as port State control, enforcement measures in fisheries, the European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA), protection of maritime boundaries and inquiries into maritime casualties. The volume also includes an analysis of the maritime policy of the EU as a new integrated approach to maritime activities.

The combination of the Port State Control system that is currently in operation and the tactics employed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for the introduction of rules and regulations for safety and pollution prevention at sea, led to the establishment of a system which has the potential to bring about significant changes. These changes extend beyond the area of safety and pollution prevention, reaching areas lying entirely beyond the scope of IMO, and actually affecting directly private maritime law. The relevant provisions of the law of the sea are outlined, in order to define the legal framework within which the regulation process for matters of safety and pollution prevention may operate. Special reference is made to the development of the concept of Port State Control and its emergence as a new, alternative method of enforcement under the guidance of IMO. The study focuses on the modus operandi of IMO and critically evaluates the tactics employed by the organization in pursuing its ends. The book also examines the practices employed by influential port states in enforcing international regulations, and it assesses the reactions of smaller states with large registries, as well as the different sectors of the industry to these developments. These developments will lead to new legislation in the contracting states, with the potential of changing the principles of private maritime law. The author also draws attention to the impact that the ISM Code and the STCW '95 may have on issues of private maritime law, through an analysis of the use of English maritime case law. The book is intended for all involved in shipping law - carriers, shipowners, ship managers, marine insurers, port managers, and others.

The combination of the Port State Control system that is currently in operation and the tactics employed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for the introduction of rules and regulations for safety and pollution prevention at sea, led to the establishment of a system which has the potential to bring about significant changes. These changes extend beyond the area of safety and pollution prevention, reaching areas lying entirely beyond the scope of IMO, and actually affecting directly private maritime law. The relevant provisions of the law of the sea are outlined, in order to define the legal framework within which the regulation process for matters of safety and pollution prevention may operate. Special reference is made to the development of the concept of Port State Control and its emergence as a new, alternative method of enforcement under the guidance of IMO. The study focuses on the modus operandi of IMO and critically evaluates the tactics employed by the organization in pursuing its ends. The book also examines the practices employed by influential port states in enforcing international regulations, and it assesses the reactions of smaller states with large registries, as well as the different sectors of the industry to these developments. These developments will lead to new legislation in the contracting states, with the potential of changing the principles of private maritime law. The author also draws attention to the impact that the ISM Code and the STCW '95 may have on issues of private maritime law, through an analysis of the use of English maritime case law. The book is intended for all involved in shipping law - carriers, shipowners, ship managers, marine insurers, port managers, and others.

Based on consultation of stakeholders, an integrated maritime policy for the European Union is outlined in this booklet.--Publisher's description.

Media interest in the fates of people at sea has heightened across the last decade. The attacks and the hostage taking of victims by Somali pirates, and the treatment of migrants and asylum seekers in the Mediterranean, ask pressing questions, as does the sinking of the Costa Concordia off the Italian island of Giglio which, one hundred years after the Titanic capsized, reminded the world that, despite modern navigation systems and technology, shipping is still fallible. Do pirates have human rights? Can migrants at sea be turned back to the State from which they have sailed? How can the crews of vessels be protected against inhuman and degrading working and living conditions? And are States liable under international human rights treaties for arresting drug traffickers on the high seas? The first text to comprehensively compare the legal rights of different people at sea, Irini Papanicolopulu's timely text argues that there is an overarching duty of the state to protect people at sea and adopt all necessary acts with a view towards ensuring enjoyment of their rights. Rather than being in doubt, she reveals that the emerging law in this area is watertight.

It is clear that the current crisis of the EU is not confined to the Eurozone and the EMU, evidenced in its inability to ensure the compliance of Member States to follow the principles and values underlying the integration project in Europe (including the protection of democracy, the Rule of Law, and human rights). This defiance has affected the Union profoundly, and in a multi-faceted assessment of this phenomenon, The Enforcement of EU Law and Values: Ensuring Member States' Compliance, dissects the essence of this crisis, examining its history and offering coping methods for the years to come. Defiance is not a new concept and this volume explores the richness of EU-level and national-level examples of historical defiance – the French Empty Chair policy–, the Luxembourg compromise, and the FPÖ crisis in Austria - and draws on the experience of the US legal system and that of the integration projects on other continents. Building on this legal-political context, the book focuses on the assessment of the adequacy of the enforcement mechanisms whilst learning from EU integration history. Structured in four parts, the volume studies (1) theoretical issues on defiance in the context of multi-layered legal orders, (2) EU mechanisms of acquis and values' enforcement, (3) comparative perspective on law-enforcement in multi-layered legal systems, and (4) case-studies of defiance in the EU.

This book explores various aspects of the roles and responsibilities of coast guards, which are increasingly becoming significant today, and sheds light on their authority and limitations in the course of maritime law enforcement. It is unique in its unraveling of all facets of coast guards, focusing on their law enforcement authority and limitations from a practical perspective. It details the principles and procedures that coast guard officers are required to follow in the course of international law at sea by examining treaties, conventions, international rulings, and theories. The text employs a comparative study of national coast guards and a review of cases concerning international maritime law enforcement. It provides practical insights into coast guards and their law enforcement, based on the author’s career experience and service as a Commissioner General in the Korea Coast Guard. As such, this book will serve as a good reference in practice and contribute to the formulation of guidelines and criteria of maritime law enforcement of coast guards.

The book provides an introduction to shipping in all its aspects. It is a valuable source of information for students of traditional maritime law as well as for those who seek to understand maritime and shipping services on a global scale. The text includes information and analytical content on national and international practices in shipping, including the age-old dichotomy between freedom in international shipping and the persistent demands of states to control specific maritime areas, as well as the tension between, on the one hand, the desire on the part of sovereign states to regulate and protect their shipping interests and, on the other, the abiding concern and unquestioned right of the international community to regulate the global shipping industry effectively, in order to ensure maritime safety, protection of the environment and fair competition.