Experimental And Numerical Studies On Axi Symmetric And Non Axisymmetric Deep Drawn Cups

This book deals with Experimental and Numerical Studies on Axi Symmetric and Non-Axisymmetric Deep Drawn Cups. Deep drawing is the process of converting a blank into cup shaped articles. In this process, for performing many calculations the sheet metal thickness is generally taken as constant. In reality, thickness of sheet metal varies throughout the walls of cup. This is undesirable as non-uniform thickness leads to defects like cracks or failures. The variation in thickness can be minimized by selecting optimum parameters of process. The aim of this work is to vary the drawing ratio, blank size and blank material and investigate variation in side wall thickness. This will further enable us to predict and prevent formation of cracks. In addition to this the minimum clearance required to be maintained between the punch and die during ironing operation can be determined using this information. The studies reveal that the bottom corner radius of cup is a source of initial fracture. In deep drawing for the final dimensions of the drawn shape to be successfully achieved, the exact initial blank area or diameter is required. It should be large enough to supply required amount of metal to complete the cup. In this work the Optimum values of blank area is obtained both analytically and numerically for nonstandard axisymmetric cups as well as non-axisymmetric cups which will help in preventing defects in deep drawn cups.

The concept of virtual manufacturing has been developed in order to increase the industrial performances, being one of the most ef cient ways of reducing the m- ufacturing times and improving the quality of the products. Numerical simulation of metal forming processes, as a component of the virtual manufacturing process, has a very important contribution to the reduction of the lead time. The nite element method is currently the most widely used numerical procedure for s- ulating sheet metal forming processes. The accuracy of the simulation programs used in industry is in uenced by the constitutive models and the forming limit curves models incorporated in their structure. From the above discussion, we can distinguish a very strong connection between virtual manufacturing as a general concept, ?nite element method as a numerical analysis instrument and constitutive laws,aswellas forming limit curves as a speci city of the sheet metal forming processes. Consequently, the material modeling is strategic when models of reality have to be built. The book gives a synthetic presentation of the research performed in the eld of sheet metal forming simulation during more than 20 years by the members of three international teams: the Research Centre on Sheet Metal Forming—CERTETA (Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania); AutoForm Company from Zürich, Switzerland and VOLVO automotive company from Sweden. The rst chapter presents an overview of different Finite Element (FE) formu- tions used for sheet metal forming simulation, now and in the past.

This book groups the main advances in material forming, considering different processes, both conventional and non-conventional. It focuses on polymers, composites and metals, which are analyzed from the state of the art. Special emphasis is devoted to the contributions of the European Scientific Association for Material Forming (ESAFORM) during the last decade and in particular the ones coming from its annual international conference.

Introduction to Optimum Design, Third Edition describes an organized approach to engineering design optimization in a rigorous yet simplified manner. It illustrates various concepts and procedures with simple examples and demonstrates their applicability to engineering design problems. Formulation of a design problem as an optimization problem is emphasized and illustrated throughout the text. Excel and MATLAB® are featured as learning and teaching aids. Basic concepts of optimality conditions and numerical methods are described with simple and practical examples, making the material highly teachable and learnable Includes applications of optimization methods for structural, mechanical, aerospace, and industrial engineering problems Introduction to MATLAB Optimization Toolbox Practical design examples introduce students to the use of optimization methods early in the book New example problems throughout the text are enhanced with detailed illustrations Optimum design with Excel Solver has been expanded into a full chapter New chapter on several advanced optimum design topics serves the needs of instructors who teach more advanced courses