Exploring The Migration Industries

This book concentrates on the role of commercialized intermediary actors in migration. It seeks to understand how these actors shape migration and mobility patterns through the services they offer. In addressing the role that migration industries play in migration, the book uses diverse examples such as labour market brokers and recruitment agencies from Eastern Europe to the United Kingdom; Latvian migration to Norway; super-rich lifestyle brokers; international students agents; the Global Mobility Industry for corporate expatriates; skilled migrant intermediaries; and those providing services to West African migrants coming to Europe or Indonesians leaving for Malaysia. Through these examples, the contributors examine the actors in migration industries, showing how they respond to and shape migration trends. They also consider how migration industries operate, manoeuvre and interact with government policy on migration management. Finally, the book looks at how migration industries enable certain forms of migration through enticement, facilitation and control, translating into specific migration trajectories and im/mobility. Providing examples from across the world, this book analyses how charities, businesses, sub-contractors, informal recruitment agencies, and other actors help to shape migration processes, and it will be of interest to those studying not only the causes of migration, but also the migration process itself. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies.

The book offers new concepts and theory for the study of international migration by weaving together diverse strands of arguments related to international migration in ways not attempted before. Throughout the chapters, the book brings together original and cross-disciplinary theoretical explorations and original case studies. It also provides a rather global coverage of the phenomena under study, covering migrant destinations in Europe, the United States and Asia, and migrant sending regions in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

This book examines international out-migration from North India, focusing on the state of Punjab. It is the first-ever empirical exploration of the causes, processes, patterns and consequences of international out-migration based on a robust sample of 10,000 households drawn from both rural and urban areas. The volume explores a range of issues such as current migration, return migration, remittances, reverse remittances, diaspora philanthropy, migration consultancy services, international marriages, campaigns for safe migration abroad and plans for emigration in future. It also addresses questions surrounding the use of paid labour by households to replace the work done by the emigrants and studies villages as the migration setting. Additionally, the book organically links to a well-spread-out and vibrant Punjabi diaspora, as well as providing viable baseline data on a range of indicators. A key text on migration studies, this volume will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of development studies, economics, demography, sociology, social anthropology and diaspora studies.

This explosive new volume brings together a lively cast of academics, activists, journalists, artists, and people directly impacted by asylum regimes to explain how current practices of asylum align with the neoliberal moment and to present their transformative visions for alternative systems and processes. Through essays, artworks, photographs, infographics, and illustrations, Asylum for Sale: Profit and Protest in the Migration Industry regards the global asylum regime as an industry characterized by profit-making activity: brokers who facilitate border crossings for a fee; contractors and firms that erect walls, fences, and watchtowers while lobbying governments for bigger “security” budgets; corporations running private detention centers and “managing” deportations; private lawyers charging exorbitant fees; “expert” witnesses; and NGO staff establishing careers while placing asylum seekers into new regimes of monitored vulnerability. Asylum for Sale challenges readers to move beyond questions of legal, moral, and humanitarian obligations that dominate popular debates regarding asylum seekers. Digging deeper, the authors focus on processes and actors often overlooked in mainstream analyses and on the trends increasingly rendering asylum available only to people with financial and cultural capital. Probing every aspect of the asylum process from crossings to aftermaths, the book provides an in-depth exploration of complex, international networks, policies, and norms that impact people seeking asylum around the world. In highlighting protest as well as profit, Asylum for Sale presents both critical analyses and proposed solutions for resisting and reshaping current and emerging immigration norms.

Growth in migration and tourism are two of the most significant manifestations of globalisation. Migration makes important social and economic contributions to destination countries, culturally enriching their society, enhancing the tourism product and providing labour For The travel, tourism, hospitality and catering sectors. This UNWTO study seeks to explore the linkages between migration and tourism as an important baseline study in the investigation of opportunities resulting from the relationship between these two global phenomena. Case studies from selected countries from Europe, Asia And The Americas illustrate tendencies and indicate findings, which are the basis of recommendations.

Pt. 1. Concepts and methodologies -- pt. 2. State policies in relation to migrants and refugees -- pt. 3. Structural discrimination and strategies of response.

Deals with the two great migration waves: from 1820 to the outbreak of World War I, when immigration was nearly unrestricted; since 1950, when mass migration continued to grow despite policy restrictions. Covers north-north and south-north migration, i.e. to the New World and contemporary Europe, as well as south-south migration. Assesses the impact on the migrants themselves, and repercussions on the sending and receiving countries.

Do young West Africans want to go abroad at any cost because they receive too little or erroneous information? Why do they and their families risk large sums of money with migration brokers? How do the risks of illegality and deportation change migration aspirations in West Africa? This book places trafficking and smuggling within a wider framework of high-risk migration and proposes a novel interpretation of how people manage unwanted and uncertain migration outcomes. Drawing on in-depth ethnographic research with aspiring and failed migrants, their families, migration brokers and consulate offices in anglophone Cameroon, the author analyses high-risk migration from the vantage point of people in a place of departure. Brokering High-Risk Migration and Illegality in West Africa: Abroad at Any Cost develops a critical socio-legal approach to the governance of migration that sees the state without ‘seeing like the state’. The state’s monopoly over legitimate means of mobility is continuously in the making – frequently through accusations of fraud and criminality. By revealing how authority, legality and legitimacy operate in a country of origin, the analysis contributes original insights into processes that create the conditions for illegality and migrant exploitation. The book will appeal to those in the fields of migration and development, African studies, gender, anthropology, sociology, criminology and law.