Factors Affecting Private Financial Flows To Eastern Europe 1989 91

Data and factors that influence market perceptions of the relative creditworthiness of the different countries partipating in Eastern Europe's economic transformation.

Program management - especially logistics management - remains the Achilles heel of family planning programs.

Macroeconomic and trade policies must change significantly to shift India's economy to a more export- oriented path - both to overcome foreign exchange shortages and to rely more on external demand for industrial output. High elasticities in the manufacturing sector indicate that the economy would also respond favorably to changes in incentives.

Not systematically, except for the environmental externalities associated with the production and use of natural- resource commodities - especially mineral commodities, which cause the most pollution.

Changes in pricing policies are not enough to encourage poor farmers to reduce resource degradation. Other approaches are also needed, such as providing better research and extension advice, improving property rights and management, and establishing more secure tenure or access rights. Just because we do not always understand the economic and social factors determining incentive effects does not mean they do not exist.