Fertilizers And Fertilization

Introcution to fertilization. General comments on fertilizers. History of fertilization. Mineral single-nutrient fertilizers. Nitrogen fertilizers. Phosphate fertilizers. Potassium fertilizers. Magnesium fertilizers. Calcium and sulfate fertilizers. Micronutrient fertilizers, multiple-nutrient fertilizers. Micronutrient fertilizers. Multiple-nutrient frtilizers with major nutrients. Fertilizers with major- and micronutrients. Fertilizers with other nutrients. Fertilizer for soil improvement and general growth support. Fertilizers for improvement of soil reaction. Fertilizers for improving soil structure and texture. Organic fertilizers. Growth substrates. Active-agent fertilizers and soil inoculants. Optional amounts of fertilizer. Lime fequirement. Optinal nytrient contents of plants and soils. Diagnosis of nutrient requirement. Amounts of nutrients required. Fertilizer recovery and nutrient removal. Profitabillity of fertilization. Special fertilization problems. Methods of fertilizer application. Influence fo fertilization on the environment. Fertilization as a function of soil type. Fertilization as a function of the cropping system. Fertilization under stress conditions. Interpretation of results of field experiments. Fertilization of agricultural crops. Cereal crops. Root and tuber crops. Oil crops and grain legumes. Fibre plants and other industrial crops. Fodder crops. Fetilization in horticultaure, forestry, and special crops. Fertilization and quality of vegetal food.

This book explores the state-of-the-art information regarding applied soil sciences. It covers the fundamentals, model concepts, principles, chemical reactions, functions, chemical recycling, chemical weathering, acid-base chemistry, carbon sequestration, and nutrient availability of soils. Also, it includes soil chemistry of heavy-metals, environment, clay, ion-exchange processes, analytical tools and applications. This book helps to understand the about soil characteristics targeting soil chemical reactions and interactions and its applications.

The soil - plant growth situation; Nitrogen - The keystone of protein; Sulfur - essential for protein; Phosphorus - the key to life; Multinutrient fertilizers; Potassium - the catalyst; Calcium, magnesium and finely ground limestone; Micronutrients - for healthy plant growth; Protein - organic wastes; The fertilizer situation in the United States, 1973-1985; Wetland soil fertility; Fertilizer basics - an autotutorial laboratory exercise.

Rationale for the need of fertilizers (increase of production and increase of farm income); Nutrients - their role for the plant and their sources; Soils; Fertilizer recommendations for selected crops according to their needs; The importance of balanced fertilization; Fertilizers, their appearance, quality, labeling; Calculation of fertilizer rates; How to apply fertilizers; Hot to determine fertilizer needs; Other factors limiting crop yields; Fertilizer extension work.

Een combinatie van een theoretisch naslagwerk en een uitvoerige gids voor de praktijk, met een onderverdeling naar de verschillende soorten meststoffen, de diverse meststoffen voor de verschillende landbouwgewassen en het gebruik ervan in de bosbouw, de invloed op de grond en op de kwaliteit van het gewas, de doseringen van de meststoffen onder varierende omstandigheden. Verder komen ook de gezondheid van mens en dier in dit verband ter sprake. Het geheel wordt afgesloten met definities voor chemische termen en een index

Much has been learned about the proper and judicious use of fertilizers. Fertilizer application by farmers has grown from an art to a science. As food producers have strived to increase crop yields by overcoming nutrient deficiencies the use of fertil izers has increased dramatically. This has created a large chemical industry capable of supplying the needed plant food elements. A more complete understanding of soil chemistry and plant nutrition has led to greater fertilizer use with improved fertilization methods and crop cultural practices. Improved fertilizer technology has led to the production of more efficient forms of fertilizer. The modem fertilizer industry and with it fertilization practices began in the humid countries of the world. The use of fertilizers in arid and semiarid regions was later in development, although agriculture had its beginning in semiarid and arid regions. The development offertilizer use is parallel to industrial development in various areas of the world.

Introduction: Fertilizers in a changing world; Soil fertility: past and present; Growth and the factors affecting it; Elements required in plant nutrition; Basic soil-plant relationships; Soil and fertilizer nitrogen; Soil and fertilizer phosphorus; Soil and fertilizer potassium, magnesium, calcium and sodium; Sulfur and microelements in soils and fertilizers; Manufacture of nitrogen, phosphorius and potassium fertilizers; The manufacture and properties of mixed fertilizers; Liming; Soil fertility evaluation; Fundamentals of fertilizer application; Cropping systems and soil management; Economics and efficient use of water; Attacking soil fertility problems.