Fisheries And Aquaculture In The People S Republic Of China

This report was prepared withing the framework of the FAO Fisheries Department's continued efforts to contribute to poverty alleviation and hunger reduction in developing countries through aquaculture development. It seeks to analyse the reasons and factors, especially the role of public sector policies, which were behind aquaculture development in China. The aim is to make the Chinese experience available to other parts of the world, especially developing countries, to enable these countries to evaluate ways whereby they could benefit from this experience of sustainable and lucrative aquaculture practices. The report discusses valuable lessons that can be learned from the Chinese experience.

This book deals with China's response to international fisheries law and policy as envisaged in the LOSC framework and post-LOSC fisheries instruments. As the first monograph of its kind dealing with the complex issue of the global fisheries crisis and China's fisheries management practice over a significant period of time, the book builds a bridge between China and the world for a better understanding of Chinese fisheries management. It will be of great value to academics, professionals, and policy-makers alike.

Fish have been a major component of our diet and it has been suggested that fish/seafood consumption contributed to the development of the human brain, and this together with the acquisition of bipedalism, perhaps made us what we are. In the modern context global fish consumption is increasing. However, unlike our other staples, until a few years back the greater proportion of our fish supplies were of a hunted origin. This scenario is changing and a greater proportion of fish we consume now is of farmed origin. Aquaculture, the farming of waters, is thought to have originated in China, many millennia ago. Nevertheless, it transformed into a major food sector only since the second half of the last century, and continues to forge ahead, primarily in the developing world. China leads the global aquaculture production in volume, in the number of species that are farmed, and have contributed immensely to transforming the practices from an art to a science. This book attempts to capture some of the key elements and practices that have contributed to the success of Chinese aquaculture. The book entails contributions from over 100 leading experts in China, and provides insights into some aquaculture practices that are little known to the rest of the world. This book will be essential reading for aquaculturists, practitioners, researchers and students, and planners and developers.

China’s surface waters cover 20.6 million ha. The aquatic living resources in these waters not only sustain wild natural fishery production, but also support fish production based on stock enhancement and aquaculture. Most inland capture fisheries are concentrated in the major rivers and lakes, whereas reservoirs are dominated by enhanced fisheries. In 2020, the national freshwater fishing output was 1.46 million tonnes, which was a decrease of 20.84 percent from the previous year. Since 2005, the output value of freshwater capture fishing and aquatic products in China has exceeded CNY 20 billion, reaching a peak of CNY 46.577 billion in 2018. With increasing economic development, the role of inland capture fisheries in the social economy has changed. Since the 1990s, there has been a gradual increase in aquaculture and since 2010 a gradual decrease in inland capture fishery production. With the issuance of various fishing ban policies and the strengthening of enforcement actions, especially the implementation of the “10-year fishing ban” on the Yangtze River and the fishing ban on major lakes, inland capture fisheries production has dropped sharply since 2016 and this development is expected to continue due to the increased awareness of the need for ecological protection in large waterbodies, the implementation of the fishing ban policy and the strengthening of law enforcement. However, even though aquaculture production has massively increased and provides the bulk of freshwater fish supply, high-quality aquatic products from natural waters are still highly sought after by consumers.

Fish have been a major component of our diet and it has been suggested that fish/seafood consumption contributed to the development of the human brain, and this together with the acquisition of bipedalism, perhaps made us what we are. In the modern context global fish consumption is increasing. However, unlike our other staples, until a few years back the greater proportion of our fish supplies were of a hunted origin. This scenario is changing and a greater proportion of fish we consume now is of farmed origin. Aquaculture, the farming of waters, is thought to have originated in China, many millennia ago. Nevertheless, it transformed into a major food sector only since the second half of the last century, and continues to forge ahead, primarily in the developing world. China leads the global aquaculture production in volume, in the number of species that are farmed, and have contributed immensely to transforming the practices from an art to a science. This book attempts to capture some of the key elements and practices that have contributed to the success of Chinese aquaculture. The book entails contributions from over 100 leading experts in China, and provides insights into some aquaculture practices that are little known to the rest of the world. This book will be essential reading for aquaculturists, practitioners, researchers and students, and planners and developers.

The purpose of this Circular article is to inform national policymakers and other stakeholders of issues related to aquatic organism health and aquaculture biosecurity throughout the aquaculture supply and value chains, and to promote more effective collaboration between stakeholders to minimize risks of disease introduction, transmission, spread and associated production losses. [Author] A survey was undertaken to determine country organizational arrangements for managing the health of aquatic organisms and aquaculture biosecurity, including with respect to the direct and indirect impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. [Author] A platform was then developed to inform respective mandates, share experiences and identify areas for collaboration with these matters as a basis for generating recommendations for further development of aquatic organism health and biosecurity systems. [Author] This led to the Fish-Vet Dialogue: Exploring Collaboration on Managing Health of Aquatic Organisms, an event organized by FAO and the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), with the support of the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) and the Norwegian Veterinary Institute (NVI). [Author] Key aspects from the survey and the Fish-Vet Dialogue included: enhancing collaboration by engaging stakeholders and establishing public–private partnerships (PPPs); addressing the wider scope of collaboration, especially the One Health Initiative; scientific collaboration; and transparency in support of biosecurity and trade. [Author] Collaboration across government agencies is the minimum requirement, and policies or regulations are unlikely to succeed unless developed together with stakeholders, through PPPs. [Author] Trust and transparency are also required at all levels of management to support biosecurity and trade. [Author] Furthermore, the One Health approach should be taken to promote regional and international cooperation to improve biosecurity along the aquaculture supply and value chain and reduce the risks of disease outbreaks. [Author] Future actions to be taken include continuing the Fish-Vet Dialogue as a regular event to raise awareness, share experiences and generate collaborative actions to support a sustainable global aquaculture industry. [Author]

In this book, numerous prominent aquaculture researchers contribute 27 chapters that provide overviews of aquaculture effects on the environment. They comprise a comprehensive synthesis of many ecological and genetic problems implicated in the practice of aquaculture and of many proven, attempted, or postulated solutions to those problems. This is an outstanding source of reference for all types of aquaculture activities.