Fixation Of Atmospheric Nitrogen

Excerpt from The Fixation of Atmospheric Nitrogen In the following pages I have tried to give an account of the more important processes for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, and, more especially, of the theory on which they are based. No attempt has been made even to mention all the proposals regarding methods and apparatus to be found in the patent literature of recent years. The mere enumeration of these would almost occupy the space at my disposal, and in many cases there is no evidence that the proposed methods are in any way workable. I have, therefore, confined myself to those methods which are either in actual operation, or which show promise of assuming technical importance in the near future. I am indebted to the admirable consular report on The Utilisation of Atmospheric Nitrogen, by T. E. Norton, for some valuable information on the purely technical part of the subject. The report also contains an excellent account of the financial and commercial organisation of the various industries connected with the fixation of nitrogen. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

During the past three decades there has been a large amount of research on biological nitrogen fixation, in part stimulated by increasing world prices of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and environmental concerns. In the last several years, research on plant--microbe interactions, and symbiotic and asymbiotic nitrogen fixation has become truly interdisciplinary in nature, stimulated to some degree by the use of modern genetic techniques. These methodologies have allowed us to make detailed analyses of plant and bacterial genes involved in symbiotic processes and to follow the growth and persistence of the root-nodule bacteria and free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria in soils. Through the efforts of a large number of researchers we now have a better understanding of the ecology of rhizobia, environmental parameters affecting the infection and nodulation process, the nature of specificity, the biochemistry of host plants and microsymbionts, and chemical signalling between symbiotic partners. This volume gives a summary of current research efforts and knowledge in the field of biological nitrogen fixation. Since the research field is diverse in nature, this book presents a collection of papers in the major research area of physiology and metabolism, genetics, evolution, taxonomy, ecology, and international programs.

The Grammar of the Unconscious is both an inquiry into certain long-standing conceptual problems and the exemplification of Wittgenstein's grammatical method. The problems are for the most part those that surround the question of the status of psychoanalysis as a theory of symbolism, psychosexual development, and culture. Using the method of grammatical analysis, Elder clarifies the distinctive features and conditions of the language of psychoanalysis--conceptual, logical, and grammatical--thus showing both the validity and the limits of its truth.

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The process of converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and other nitrogenous compounds in soil is termed as nitrogen fixation. Most of the biological nitrogen is fixed by prokaryotic bacteria. A few of these are cyanobacteria, azotobacter, azospirillum, rhizobium and bradyrhizobium. Clover, soybean, peanut, etc., are some of the plants which help in nitrogen fixation process. These processes are part of the nitrogen cycle. They are of utmost significance in agriculture as nitrogen is required for the synthesis of various organic compounds like amino acids, nucleic acids and proteins. Nitrogen is also fixed by natural phenomenon such as lightning. It is also responsible for the formation of nitrogen oxides which may react with water to form nitrous acid or nitric acid. The acids seep into the soil where they are converted into nitrates. This book includes some of the vital pieces of work being conducted across the world, on various topics related to nitrogen fixation. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in it. This book is a vital tool for all researching or studying the biological and ecological aspects of nitrogen fixation as it gives incredible insights into emerging trends and concepts.