Flashes Of Light

Contains lists of lights and other aids to navigation that are maintained by or under the authority of the U.S. Coast Guard and located in the waters surrounding the United States and its Territories This publication and the data contained within it are maintained and published by the USCG.

From a historical point of view the first studies on the response of the organism to stressful situations in general, and on the psychobiology of stress in particular, are probably those of Cannon and de la Paz, the physiologists who showed in 1911 that the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic system are involved in emergency situations. Cannon noted that the venous blood of cats frightened by barking dogs contained adrenaline, a response of the organism which was prevented by adrenalectomy or by section of the splanchnic nerve innervating the adrenal medulla. Cannon suggested that the adrenal medulla was acting in concert with the sympathetic nervous system, so that both systems were activated during stress. The role of the sympathetic system in response to stressful events was later emphasized by the experiments carried out by Maickel et al. (1967) and by Mason (1968): these authors clearly showed that stressors activate the sympathetic system causing it to release adrenaline and noradrenaline. This line of research may be contrasted with that carried out by Hans Selye, centered on of the adrenal cortex in the stress response. Selye's findings and theories originated the role the so-called hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal cortex (HPA) model of stress: in short, during stress adrenocorticotropic hormone is released from cells of the anterior pituitary and elicits secretion of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex.

"A high-intensity carbon arc was used as a light source to determine the course of visual recovery after exposure to a level of illumination comparable to that likely to be encountered during nuclear operations. The subjects in the experiment were exposed to a source subtending 3°58' at the eye and with a luminance of up to 15 x 106 foot-lamberts. Exposure time was constant at 0.1 second. Recovery time plotted against illumination at the eye (and source brightness) produced a straight line curve in a semilog plot. Extrapolation to the estimated burn threshold indicates a maximum recovery time of 170 seconds to discriminate a brightness contrast comparable to reading red-lighted aircraft instruments. Recovery times to other brightness levels are also indicated."--Abstract

2004 PBA: Pacific Northwest, Volume 1 covers Oregon and the Columbia River, Washington coast, Puget Sound, the San Juan Islands, and British Columbia up through Vancouver Island. Within the text is information about U.S. coastal piloting, tide and current tables, electronics, maps and charts, weather, navigation, and first aid.

Special edition of the Federal Register, containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect ... with ancillaries.