Flora Of Pennsylvania

The second edition of The Plants of Pennsylvania is the authoritative guide to identifying the nearly 3,400 species of flowering plants, ferns, and gymnosperms native or naturalized in the Commonwealth. It features a complete reorganization into a genetic scheme that reflects recent advances in our understanding of plant relationships.

This vol. is the first published product of the Pennsylvania Flora Database, created & maintained at the Morris Arboretum of the U. of Pennsylvania. The database has its roots in the work of Edgar T. Wherry, John M. Fogg, Jr., & Herbert A. Wahl, the Atlas of the Flora of PennsylvaniaÓ (Wherry et al. 1979), published by the Morris Arboretum. Over a period of 40 years, Wherry & his colleagues gathered data from the major Pennsylvania herbaria & manually placed a quarter of a million dots on over 3500 maps (Fogg 1944). The Pennsylvania Flora Database retains the emphasis on specimen-based, site-specific data. The checklist of included taxa has undergone extensive review to reflect recent taxonomic & nomenclatural revisions. Questionable specimens have been re-evaluated with the result that several taxa included in earlier works were dropped. Recent discoveries have been added & distribution data has been updated. This vol. also includes collections made in the 1990s in conjunction with the Pennsylvania Natural Diversity Inventory (PNDI), the state heritage program. The maps present the accumulated collection of information for each taxon as represented in the herbaria. Illus., reprinted 1996.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Excerpt from Flora of Pennsylvania Dr. Porter began the collecting and study of the plants of Pennsylvania about the year 1836 and continued both, essentially without interruption, until his death in 1901. He personally explored nearly every part of the State; but the Information thus obtained represents only a portion of the data recorded on the following pages. His connection with several Colleges in Pennsylvania for a period of over fifty consecutive years gave him a wide acquaintance with intelligent persons throughout the State, and those interested in plants, more especially the students who came under his influence, did all in their power to enlarge his collection of specimens, so that his State Flora might ultimately be essentially perfect. Thus, through personal exploration and the enthusiastic Cooperation of others for a period of over sixty years, the herbarium upon which this Flora is based contains plants brought together from all of the sixty-one counties of Pennsylvania. Professor Porter's ambition to make his list of Pennsylvania plants complete led him to defer printing it from time to time. So averse was he to giving his work to the public before the list of native plants was complete, that when death overtook him in his eightieth year, the work which he had endeavored to make perfect remained unpublished. However, the manuscript was nearly completed many years ago and was left with most of the more recent discoveries properly recorded. Being so earnestly interested in the botany of Pennsylvania and desiring that others might ultimately have the benefit of his studies, he made provision for its publication in his will. After the author's death, at the request of his executor, Professor S. A. Martin, I consented to edit the manuscript. I had long been intimately acquainted with Dr. Porter and with his work, and during frequent interviews, the flora of Pennsylvania and the form in which it should be published was often the main subject of conversation and discussion. Being thoroughly acquainted with the author's ideas, I can confidently say he would heartily subscribe to everything on the following pages. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Excerpt from Flora of Pennsylvania In this Flora analytical keys formed by the contrasting of diagnostic characters precede the families, genera and species, and a key to the orders precedes the main body of the work. A description and a figure is cited for each species for exam ple, Man. P. 469 refers to a description on page 469 in Brit ton's Manual of the Flora of the Northern States and Canada, while 11. Pi. F. 1753 refers to a figure in Britton Brown's Illustrated Flora of the Northeastern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. Following the known geograph ical distribution of each species, is recorded its distribution within the State, outlined by counties, as it wasknown to the author. The outline map of Pennsylvania was drawn for this work by Mr. Benj. H. Smith, who has also kindly read part of the proof. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.