Forms Liberate

Lon L Fuller's account of what he termed 'the internal morality of law' is widely accepted as the classic twentieth century statement of the principles of the rule of law. Much less accepted is his claim that a necessary connection between law and morality manifests in these principles, with the result that his jurisprudence largely continues to occupy a marginal place in the field of legal philosophy. In 'Forms Liberate: Reclaiming the Jurisprudence of Lon L Fuller', Kristen Rundle offers a close textual analysis of Fuller's published writings and working papers to explain how his claims about the internal morality of law belong to a wider exploration of the ways in which the distinctive form of law introduces meaningful limits to lawgiving power through its connection to human agency. By reading Fuller on his own terms, 'Forms Liberate' demonstrates why his challenge to a purely instrumental conception of law remains salient for twenty-first century legal scholarship.

Batteries 2: Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources provides information pertinent to the selection and operation of power source. This book focuses on the progress and further development in battery design. Organized into 38 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the metallurgical properties of a positive grid alloy as well as the properties of dispersion-strengthened lead. This text then explains the voltage maximum as being resistance polarization. Other chapters consider the standard heat of activation for the rate-determining step at the reversible potential and explain the difficulties of predicting the orbital performance of solar cells from terrestrial measurements. This book discusses as well the chemical changes occurring during the manufacture and life of lead–acid batteries. The final chapter deals with the mechanism of the processes that occur in fuel cells. This book is a valuable resource for chemical, electrical, telecommunications, electrochemical, and automotive engineers.

Smart leaders know that they would greatly increase productivity and innovation if only they could get everyone fully engaged. So do professors, facilitators and all changemakers. The challenge is how. Liberating Structures are novel, practical and no-nonsense methods to help you accomplish this goal with groups of any size. Prepare to be surprised by how simple and easy they are for anyone to use. This book shows you how with detailed descriptions for putting them into practice plus tips on how to get started and traps to avoid. It takes the design and facilitation methods experts use and puts them within reach of anyone in any organization or initiative, from the frontline to the C-suite. Part One: The Hidden Structure of Engagement will ground you with the conceptual framework and vocabulary of Liberating Structures. It contrasts Liberating Structures with conventional methods and shows the benefits of using them to transform the way people collaborate, learn, and discover solutions together. Part Two: Getting Started and Beyond offers guidelines for experimenting in a wide range of applications from small group interactions to system-wide initiatives: meetings, projects, problem solving, change initiatives, product launches, strategy development, etc. Part Three: Stories from the Field illustrates the endless possibilities Liberating Structures offer with stories from users around the world, in all types of organizations -- from healthcare to academic to military to global business enterprises, from judicial and legislative environments to R&D. Part Four: The Field Guide for Including, Engaging, and Unleashing Everyone describes how to use each of the 33 Liberating Structures with step-by-step explanations of what to do and what to expect. Discover today what Liberating Structures can do for you, without expensive investments, complicated training, or difficult restructuring. Liberate everyone's contributions -- all it takes is the determination to experiment.

Moving from monasticism to constitutionalism, and from antinomianism to anarchism, this book reveals law's connection with love and freedom.

What makes someone responsible for a crime and therefore liable tof punishment under the criminal law? Modern lawyers will quickly and easily point to the criminal law's requirement of concurrent actus reus and mens rea, doctrines of the criminal law which ensure that someone will only be found criminally responsible if they have committed criminal conduct while possessing capacities of understanding, awareness, and self-control at the time of offense. Any notion of criminal responsibility based on the character of the offender, meaning an implication of criminality based on reputation or the assumed disposition of the person, would seem to today's criminal lawyer a relic of the 18th Century. In this volume, Nicola Lacey demonstrates that the practice of character-based patterns of attribution was not laid to rest in 18th Century criminal law, but is alive and well in contemporary English criminal responsibility-attribution. Building upon the analysis of criminal responsibility in her previous book, Women, Crime, and Character, Lacey investigates the changing nature of criminal responsibility in English law from the mid-18th Century to the early 21st Century. Through a combined philosophical, historical, and socio-legal approach, this volume evidences how the theory behind criminal responsibility has shifted over time. The character and outcome responsibility which dominated criminal law in the 18th Century diminished in ideological importance in the following two centuries, when the idea of responsibility as founded in capacity was gradually established as the core of criminal law. Lacey traces the historical trajectory of responsibility into the 21st Century, arguing that ideas of character responsibility and the discourse of responsibility as founded in risk are enjoying a renaissance in the modern criminal law. These ideas of criminal responsibility are explored through an examination of the institutions through which they are produced, interpreted and executed; the interests which have shaped both doctrines and institutions; and the substantive social functions which criminal law and punishment have been expected to perform at different points in history.

What does it mean when a judge in a court of law uses the phrase “common sense”? Is it a type of evidence or a mode of reasoning? In a world characterized by material and political inequalities, whose common sense should inform the law? Common Sense and Legal Judgment explores this rhetorically powerful phrase, arguing that common sense, when invoked in political and legal discourses without adequate reflection, poses a threat to the quality and legitimacy of legal judgment. Often operating in the service of conservatism, populism, or majoritarianism, common sense can harbour stereotypes, reproduce unjust power relations, and silence marginalized people. Nevertheless, drawing the works of theorists such as Thomas Reid, Antonio Gramsci, and Hannah Arendt into conversation with rulings by the Supreme Court of Canada, Patricia Cochran demonstrates that with careful attention, the democratic, egalitarian, and community-sustaining aspects of common sense can be brought to light. A call for critical self-reflection and the close scrutiny of power relationships and social contexts, this book is a direct response to social justice predicaments and their confounding relationships to law. Creative and interdisciplinary, Common Sense and Legal Judgment reinvigorates feminist and anti-poverty understandings of judgment, knowledge, justice, and accountability.

This Book Covers The Following Topics: (I). What are Nouns (II). Types of Nouns A. Proper Noun B. Common Noun C. Collective Noun D. Material Noun E. Abstract Noun F. Concrete Noun G. Compound Noun H-1. Countable Noun -- Singular Noun H-2. Countable Noun -- Plural Noun I. Uncountable or Mass Noun J. Possessive Noun (III-A). Countable & Uncountable Nouns – Categorization 1. always countable (both singular & plural) | no uncountable 2. always uncountable | no countable 3A. uncountable + countable (both singular & plural) 3B. uncountable + singular 4A. always singular | no plural 4B. always plural | no singular 5A. (a). uncountable | (b). countable (both singular & plural) 5B. (a). countable (singular and plural) | (b). singular 5C. (a). countable (singular and plural) | (b). plural 5D. (a). countable (singular and plural) | (b). singular | (c). plural 5E. (a). always uncountable | (b). always singular 5F. (a). always uncountable | (b). always plural 6. (a). uncountable and countable (singular as well as plural) | (b). countable (singular as well as plural) 7. (a). uncountable | (b). uncountable + countable (singular as well as plural) 8A. (a). uncountable | (b). countable (singular as well as plural) | (c). uncountable + countable (singular as well as plural) 8B. (a). uncountable | (b). countable (both singular and plural) | (c). singular 8C. (a). uncountable | (b). countable (both singular and plural) | (c). plural 9A-1. countable: usually singular 9A-2. uncountable + usually singular 9A-3. (a). uncountable | (b). usually singular 9A-4. (a). uncountable | (b). usually plural 9A-5. (a). usually singular | (b). countable (both singular and plural) 9B-1. countable: usually plural 9B-2. (a). usually plural | (b). countable (both singular and plural) 9C. (a). always singular | (b). always plural 9D. (a). ‘usually singular’ | (b). ‘usually plural’ 9E. Miscellaneous Patterns 10. Additional Countable and Uncountable Nouns (III-B). Nouns with Singular/Plural Verbs 1. uncountable noun + singular/plural verb 2. singular noun + singular/plural verb 3. countable noun (in singular form) + singular/plural verb (III-C1). Formation of Plural Nouns (1). REGULAR PLURAL NOUNS (2). IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS (A). “-y” is changed into “-ies” (B). “-f” and “-fe” is changed into “-ves” (C). “-is” is changed into “-es” (D). “-um” is changed into “-a” (E). “-us” is changed into “-i” (F). “-on/-ian” is changed into “-a” (G). “-ax” / “-ex” is changed into “-ices” (H1). Compound words without dashes (H2). Compound words with dashes (H3). Compound words with a verb (H4). Double Plural (I). “-a” is sometimes changed into “-ae” (J). Change of vowel(s) (J1). “-an” is changed into “-en” (J2). “-oo” is changed into “-ee” (J3). “-o” is changed into “-i” (J4). “-u” is changed into “-ux” (K). Irregular Nouns That Do Not Change When Made Plural (L). Irregular Nouns That Change Substantially (M). Other Irregular Plural Nouns (III-C2). Formation of Nouns from Other Parts of Speech C2-a. Formation of Nouns from Other Nouns C2-b. Formation of Nouns from Adjectives C2-c. Formation of Nouns from Verbs (IV). Nouns and Genders