Free Surface Flow

Free Surface Flow: Environmental Fluid Mechanics introduces a wide range of environmental fluid flows, such as water waves, land runoff, channel flow, and effluent discharge. The book provides systematic analysis tools and basic skills for study fluid mechanics in natural and constructed environmental flows. As the prediction of changes in free surfaces in rivers, lakes, estuaries and in the ocean directly affects the design of structures that control surface waters, and because planning for the allocation of fresh-water resources in a sustainable manner is an essential goal, this book provides the necessary background and research. Helps users determine the transfer of solute mass through the air-water interface Presents tactics on the impact of free shear flow in the environment and how to quantify mixing mechanisms in turbulent jets and wakes Gives users tactics to predict the fate and transport of contaminants in stratified lakes and estuaries

Free-Surface Flow: Shallow-Water Dynamics presents a novel approach to this phenomenon. It bridges the gap between traditional books on open-channel flow and analytical fluid mechanics. Shallow-water theory is established by formal integration of the Navier-Stokes equations, and boundary resistance is developed by a rigorous construction of turbulent flow models for channel flow. In addition, the book presents a comprehensive description of shallow-water waves by mathematical analysis. These methods form the foundation for understanding flood routing, sudden water releases, dam and levee break, sluice gate dynamics and wave-current interaction. Bridges the gap between traditional books on open-channel flow and wave mechanics. Presents a comprehensive description of shallow-water waves by characteristic and bicharacteristic analysis. Presents techniques for wave control and active flood mitigation.

Free-Surface Flow: Computational Methods presents a detailed analysis of numerical schemes for shallow-water waves. It includes practical applications for the numerical simulation of flow and transport in rivers and estuaries, the dam-break problem and overland flow. Closure models for turbulence, such as Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes and Large Eddy Simulation are presented, coupling the aforementioned surface tracking techniques with environmental fluid dynamics. While many computer programs can solve the partial differential equations describing the dynamics of fluids, many are not capable of including free surfaces in their simulations. Provides numerical solutions of the turbulent Navier-Stokes equations in three space dimensions Includes closure models for turbulence, such as Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes, and Large Eddy Simulation Practical applications are presented for the numerical simulation of flow and transport in rivers and estuaries, the dam-break problem and overland flow

A definitive guide for accurate state-of-the-art modelling of free surface flows Understanding the dynamics of free surface flows is the starting point of many environmental studies, impact studies, and waterworks design. Typical applications, once the flows are known, are water quality, dam impact and safety, pollutant control, and sediment transport. These studies used to be done in the past with scale models, but these are now being replaced by numerical simulation performed by software suites called “hydro-informatic systems”. The Telemac system is the leading software package worldwide, and has been developed by Electricité de France and Jean-Michel Hervouet, who is the head and main developer of the Telemac project. Written by a leading authority on Computational Fluid Dynamics, the book aims to provide environmentalists, hydrologists, and engineers using hydro-informatic systems such as Telemac and the finite element method, with the knowledge of the basic principles, capabilities, different hypotheses, and limitations. In particular this book: presents the theory for understanding hydrodynamics through an extensive array of case studies such as tides, tsunamis, storm surges, floods, bores, dam break flood waves, density driven currents, hydraulic jumps, making this a principal reference on the topic gives a detailed examination and analysis of the notorious Malpasset dam failure includes a coherent description of finite elements in shallow water delivers a significant treatment of the state-of-the-art flow modelling techniques using Telemac, developed by Electricité de France provides the fundamental physics and theory of free surface flows to be utilised by courses on environmental flows Hydrodynamics of Free Surface Flows is essential reading for those involved in computational fluid dynamics and environmental impact assessments, as well as hydrologists, and bridge, coastal and dam engineers. Guiding readers from fundamental theory to the more advanced topics in the application of the finite element method and the Telemac System, this book is a key reference for a broad audience of students, lecturers, researchers and consultants, right through to the community of users of hydro-informatics systems.

This book provides essential information on the higher mathematical level of approximation over the gradually varied flow theory, also referred to as the Boussinesq-type theory. In this context, it presents higher order flow equations, together with their applications in a broad range of pertinent engineering and environmental problems, including open channel, groundwater, and granular material flows.

This monograph is aimed at the practising hydraulic engineer. Work on it commenced at Professor Naudascher's instigation in 1982. Over the next six years all or some of the authors discussed progress at IAHR sponsored conferences at Esslingen, Melbourne, Lausanne and Beijing. With the authors scattered throughout the world, and all with other responsibilities, progress was bound to be slow. Completion was further delayed by the great increase in published technical literature in this area over the period 1982-1988. This literature continues to expand and with it our understanding of the air water flow phenomena. The monograph must therefore be seen as the authors' views on the state of the art around 1988. More recent references have been included for completeness.This monograph has been a joint effort with most authors making suggestions and contributions to more than one chapter. Nevertheless, the chapter authors are primarily responsible for the material in their chapters.Throughout the monograph symbols are defined when they are fist introduced and a list of symbols is included at the end of each chapter.Many other people have contributed to this monograph, but the authors would particularly like to acknowledge the assistance given by Professor John McNown who has read, commented on and improved the style of the complete monograph.

This report describes in detail a new rigorous and systematic verification and validation process for computational models for simulating free surface flows.

Climate change will present a series of challenges to engineers concerned with the provision of both building internal appliance drainage networks and rainwater systems within the building boundary, generally identified as the connection to the sewer network. Climate change is now recognised as presenting both water shortage and enhanced rainfall design scenarios. In response to predictions about immanent climate change Transient Free Surface Flows in Building Drainage Systems addresses problems such as the reduction in water available to remove waste from buildings, and conversely, the increase in frequency of tropical-type torrential rain. Starting with introductory chapters that explain the theories and principles of solid transport, free surface flows within drainage networks, and attenuating appliance discharge flows, this book allows readers from a variety of backgrounds to fully engage with this crucial subject matter. Later chapters apply these theories to the design of sanitary and rainwater systems. Case studies highlight the applicability of the method in assessing the appropriateness of design approaches. In this unique book, research in modelling for free surface flows at Edinburgh’s Heriot-Watt University is drawn on to provide a highly authoritative, physics-based study of this complex engineering issue.