From Flintlock To Rifle

Old Regime armies, recruited from a narrow social base and armed with slow-firing, short-range, inaccurate weapons, relied upon harsh discipline and formalized evolutions to attain tactical proficiency. When the French Royal Army collapsed it was replaced with a mass citizen army. This contained elements of the old tactical system but placed a new emphasis on mobility, flexibility, and individual initiative. Napoleon's rivals either imitated aspects of the French system or sought to copy the spirit of the new tactics, engineering social reforms from above and creating their own citizen armies.

Numerous military flintlocks carried by the British Riflemen are described and illustrated with exceptional photographs and sharp close-ups of details. A great deal of attention is given to the famous Baker, but also included are such arms as the Ferguson, the Pattern 1776 and rifles used by German mercenaries and Loyalists in the American Revolution. Documented by decades of archival research and the inspection of countless surviving rifles. A great read for those interested in military history, marksmanship in the British Army, accoutrements and ammunition, the story of the Riflemen in the British service and antique firearms enthusiasts as a reference for identifying rifles.

This is a comprehensive study of the major changes in infantry tacticts from the time of Frederick the Great to the beginning of what many see as the era of modern war, in the 1860s. Ross lays social and political change side by side with technical change. He argues that the French revolution, due to the fervour and loyalty it inspired in its participants, led to huge citizen armies of devolved command which were able to make use of new tactics that swept the poorly paid and poorly treated professional armies of their enemies from the field. Shortly after the Napoleonic wars other European countries experienced similar social change and by the middle of the Nineteenth Century these massive conscript armies were equipped with breech-loading rifles and more powerful artillery. The battlefield of the late 1860's had become a place where close infantry formations could not survive for long in the linear formations of the past.