Frontiers In Quantum Computing

Quantum Computing is an ever-increasing field of interest both from a conceptual and applied standpoint. Quantum Computing, belonging to the so called "Quantum Information Science", is founded on the principles of Quantum Mechanics and Information Science. Quantum Mechanics has radically changed our vision and understanding of the physical reality and has had also an enormous technological and societal impact. On the other hand, the developing of Information Theory, including computer science and communications theory, made possible the information "revolution" which had a deep impact on our everyday life. Quantum Computing then relates to the possibility to represent, process and manipulate information by using the principles of quantum mechanics. Apart the theoretical importance of quantum computing to further understand the quantum mechanical behavior of physical systems and the physical foundation of information itself at the most elementary level, probably the most interesting feature of Quantum Computing is related to the possibility to design and realize an actual quantum computer which processes information in the form of quantum-bits or qubits. The great interest of scientific community in the realization of such devices mainly concerns the common believe they could be enormously faster than their classical counterparts so allowing their employment in all the applied fields where computational power is a key feature. Furthermore, the study of Quantum Computing, both at the physical and computational level, would be very important for a deeper understanding of the quantum behavior of a very wide range of physical systems including condensed matter, living systems, elementary particles, astrophysical structures and so on. Despite the general theoretical basis of quantum computing are sufficiently understood, the actual realization of a general - purpose and really usable quantum computer has posed great difficulties so far, mainly related to the issue of "quantum decoherence", the computational speed and scalability many of which still remain substantially unsolved. This volume doesn't mean to represent a complete or a beginner guide to Quantum Computing but has the aim to present some of its most interesting and fascinating developments in different frontier areas related to both theoretical and applied aspects, such, for example, the possibility to realize a quantum superfast "hypercomputing" system using water molecules as physical substrate to process, storage and retrieve information; the connection between quantum computers and quantum gravity; the development of an "instantaneous quantum computer algorithm"; the realization of a universal quantum computer, of a brain-like quantum supercomputer and many others frontiers topics. The target audience of this book is then composed by scientists and researchers interested in the most advanced theoretical and applied developments of quantum computation and quantum information.

"Quantum Computing is an ever-increasing field of interest both from a conceptual and applied standpoint. Quantum Computing, belonging to the so called "Quantum Information Science", is founded on the principles of Quantum Mechanics and Information Science. Quantum Mechanics has radically changed our vision and understanding of the physical reality and has had also an enormous technological and societal impact. On the other hand, the developing of Information Theory, including computer science and communications theory, made possible the information "revolution" which had a deep impact on our everyday life. Quantum Computing then relates to the possibility to represent, process and manipulate information by using the principles of quantum mechanics. Apart the theoretical importance of quantum computing to further understand the quantum mechanical behavior of physical systems and the physical foundation of information itself at the most elementary level, probably the most interesting feature of Quantum Computing is related to the possibility to design and realize an actual quantum computer which processes information in the form of quantum-bits or qubits. The great interest of scientific community in the realization of such devices mainly concerns the common believe they could be enormously faster than their classical counterparts so allowing their employment in all the applied fields where computational power is a key feature. Furthermore, the study of Quantum Computing, both at the physical and computational level, would be very important for a deeper understanding of the quantum behavior of a very wide range of physical systems including condensed matter, living systems, elementary particles, astrophysical structures and so on. Despite the general theoretical basis of quantum computing are sufficiently understood, the actual realization of a general - purpose and really usable quantum computer has posed great difficulties so far, mainly related to the issue of "quantum decoherence", the computational speed and scalability many of which still remain substantially unsolved. This volume doesn't mean to represent a complete or a beginner guide to Quantum Computing but has the aim to present some of its most interesting and fascinating developments in different frontier areas related to both theoretical and applied aspects, such, for example, the possibility to realize a quantum superfast "hypercomputing" system using water molecules as physical substrate to process, storage and retrieve information; the connection between quantum computers and quantum gravity; the development of an "instantaneous quantum computer algorithm"; the realization of a universal quantum computer, of a brain-like quantum supercomputer and many others frontiers topics. The target audience of this book is then composed by scientists and researchers interested in the most advanced theoretical and applied developments of quantum computation and quantum information"--

As miniaturisation deepens, and nanotechnology and its machines become more prevalent in the real world, the need to consider using quantum mechanical concepts to perform various tasks in computation increases. Such tasks include: the teleporting of information, breaking heretofore "unbreakable" codes, communicating with messages that betray eavesdropping, and the generation of random numbers. This is the first book to apply quantum physics to the basic operations of a computer, representing the ideal vehicle for explaining the complexities of quantum mechanics to students, researchers and computer engineers, alike, as they prepare to design and create the computing and information delivery systems for the future. Both authors have solid backgrounds in the subject matter at the theoretical and more practical level. While serving as a text for senior/grad level students in computer science/physics/engineering, this book has its primary use as an up-to-date reference work in the emerging interdisciplinary field of quantum computing - the only prerequisite being knowledge of calculus and familiarity with the concept of the Turing machine.

Frontiers in Quantum Physics is the proceedings of the international conference held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, July 1997. The conference brought together distinguished researchers from 24 countries to discuss the recent developments in this field. The topics covered range from quantum measurements and quantum computers to quantum devices involving a single atom and single electron. The papers reported in this field highlighted the new challenges posed for both theoretical and experimental physicists alike. These proceedings will be of special interest to physicists, mathematicians, engineers, graduate students, and philosophers looking to review the latest developments in the field of quantum physics.

This book is a collection of lecture notes/contributions from a summer school on decoherence, entanglement & entropy and a workshop on MPS (matrix product states) & DMRG (density matrix renormalization group). Subjects of the summer school include introduction to MPS, black holes, qubits and octonions, weak measurement, entanglement measures and separability, generalized Bell inequalities, among others. Subjects of the workshop are dedicated to MPS and DMRG. Applications to strongly correlated systems and integrable systems are also mentioned. Contributions to this book are prepared in a self-contained manner so that a reader with a modest background in quantum information and quantum computing may understand the subjects. Contents:Summer School on Decoherence, Entanglement and Entropy:Black Holes and Qubits (L Borsten, M J Duff and W Rubens)Weak Value with Decoherence (A Hosoya)Lectures on Matrix Product Representation of States (V Karimipour and M Asoudeh)On a Possible Definition of Entanglement in Antisymmetric States (T Ichikawa, T Sasaki and I Tsutsui)Entanglement Measures for Intermediate Separability (T Sasaki, T Ichikawa and I Tsutsui)Unruh Effect on Quantum Teleportation and Entanglement: Implications on Black Hole Information (K Shiokawa)Systematic Construction of Generalized Bell Inequalities (S Tanimura)On 3-Variable Exponential Polynomials and Quantum Algorithms (Y Ohno, Y Sasaki and C Yamazaki)Workshop on Matrix Product State Formulation and Density Matrix Renormalization Group Simulations (MPS&DMRG):Application of Density Matrix Renormalization Group Method to Photoinduced Phenomena in Strongly Correlated Electron Systems (H Matsueda)Density-Matrix Renormalization Group Method for Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid (T Hikihara)Supersymmetric Valence-Bond Solid Models — Hidden Order and Dynamics (K Totsuka and K Hasebe)Matrix Product States in Quantum Integrable Models (H Katsura and I Maruyama)A Systematic Way to Find and Construct Exact Finite Dimensional Matrix-Product Stationary States (Y Hieida and T Sasamoto) Readership: Graduate students and researchers in physics, mathematics, informatics and computer science. Accessible to advanced undergraduate students. Keywords:Quantum Information;Decoherence;Entanglement;Entropy;Matrix Product State;Density Matrix Renormalization Group;Black Hole;Quantum Algorithm

"The objective of this book is to communicate advancements of knowledge and help disseminate results concerning recent applications and case studies in the area of quantum computing among working professionals and professionals in education and research, covering a broad cross-section of technical disciplines. This book will allow students to explore knowledge in quantum computing to produce serviceable and innocuous systems as well as purposeful systems with cutting-edge technology. To yield computer systems with decent usability, developers must attempt to understand the factors that determine how people use technology. This book will cater to an extensive cross-sectional and multi-disciplinary readership ranging from academics, business delegates, CEOs, communication designers, computer scientists, digital customers, e-decision makers, eLearning environment designers, industrial leaders, industry consultants, key workers, law enforcement agencies, managers, practitioners, professionals, professors, profit/non-profit e-organizations, programmers, R&D/professional research communities, security architects, stakeholders, students, support staff and university researchers/scholars of various communities, such as artificial intelligence, cyber-physical systems, ethics, robotics, safety engineering, safety-critical systems, standardization and certification digital forensics and application domain communities such as aerospace, agriculture, automotive, critical infrastructures, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, smart transports, smart cities and smart healthcare, using real case studies and projecting outcomes, showing the intricate details of quantum computing in these real-life scenarios. As a final point, this book will provide up-to-date, premeditated, and creative information to those engrossed in the field of quantum computing"--

This volume presents papers on the topics covered at the National Academy of Engineering's 2018 US Frontiers of Engineering Symposium. Every year the symposium brings together 100 outstanding young leaders in engineering to share their cutting-edge research and innovations in selected areas. The 2018 symposium was held September 5-7 and hosted by MIT Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington, Massachusetts. The intent of this book is to convey the excitement of this unique meeting and to highlight innovative developments in engineering research and technical work.

This book describes a paradigm change in modern physics from the philosophy and mathematical expression of the quantum theory to those of general relativity. The approach applies to all domains - from elementary particles to cosmology. The change is from the positivistic views in which atomism, nondeterminism and measurement are fundamental, to a holistic view in realism, wherein matter - electrons, galaxies, - are correlated modes of a single continuum, the universe. A field that unifies electromagnetism, gravity and inertia is demonstrated explicitly, with new predictions, in terms of quaternion and spinor field equations in a curved spacetime. Quantum mechanics emerges as a linear, flatspace approximation for the equations of inertia in general relativity.