Functional Inequalities Markov Semigroups And Spectral Theory

In this book, the functional inequalities are introduced to describe:(i) the spectrum of the generator: the essential and discrete spectrums, high order eigenvalues, the principle eigenvalue, and the spectral gap;(ii) the semigroup properties: the uniform intergrability, the compactness, the convergence rate, and the existence of density;(iii) the reference measure and the intrinsic metric: the concentration, the isoperimetic inequality, and the transportation cost inequality.

In this book, a beautiful interplay between probability theory (Markov processes, martingale theory) on the one hand and operator and spectral theory on the other yields a uniform treatment of several kinds of Hamiltonians such as the Laplace operator, relativistic Hamiltonian, Laplace-Beltrami operator, and generators of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. The unified approach provides a new viewpoint of and a deeper insight into the subject.

The present volume is an extensive monograph on the analytic and geometric aspects of Markov diffusion operators. It focuses on the geometric curvature properties of the underlying structure in order to study convergence to equilibrium, spectral bounds, functional inequalities such as Poincaré, Sobolev or logarithmic Sobolev inequalities, and various bounds on solutions of evolution equations. At the same time, it covers a large class of evolution and partial differential equations. The book is intended to serve as an introduction to the subject and to be accessible for beginning and advanced scientists and non-specialists. Simultaneously, it covers a wide range of results and techniques from the early developments in the mid-eighties to the latest achievements. As such, students and researchers interested in the modern aspects of Markov diffusion operators and semigroups and their connections to analytic functional inequalities, probabilistic convergence to equilibrium and geometric curvature will find it especially useful. Selected chapters can also be used for advanced courses on the topic.

This book contains original research papers by leading experts in the fields of probability theory, stochastic analysis, potential theory and mathematical physics. There is also a historical account on Masatoshi Fukushima's contribution to mathematics, as well as authoritative surveys on the state of the art in the field. Contents:Professor Fukushima's Work:The Mathematical Work of Masatoshi Fukushima — An Essay (Zhen-Qing Chen, Niels Jacob, Masayoshi Takeda and Toshihiro Uemura)Bibliography of Masatoshi FukushimaContributions:Quasi Regular Dirichlet Forms and the Stochastic Quantization Problem (Sergio Albeverio, Zhi-Ming Ma and Michael Röckner)Comparison of Quenched and Annealed Invariance Principles for Random Conductance Model: Part II (Martin Barlow, Krzysztof Burdzy and Adám Timár)Some Historical Aspects of Error Calculus by Dirichlet Forms (Nicolas Bouleau)Stein's Method, Malliavin Calculus, Dirichlet Forms and the Fourth Moment Theorem (Louis H Y Chen and Guillaume Poly)Progress on Hardy-Type Inequalities (Mu-Fa Chen)Functional Inequalities for Pure-Jump Dirichlet Forms (Xin Chen, Feng-Yu Wang and Jian Wang)Additive Functionals and Push Forward Measures Under Veretennikov's Flow (Shizan Fang and Andrey Pilipenko)On a Result of D W Stroock (Patrick J Fitzsimmons)Consistent Risk Measures and a Non-Linear Extension of Backwards Martingale Convergence (Hans Föllmer and Irina Penner)Unavoidable Collections of Balls for Processes with Isotropic Unimodal Green Function (Wolfhard Hansen)Functions of Locally Bounded Variation on Wiener Spaces (Masanori Hino)A Dirichlet Space on Ends of Tree and Superposition of Nodewise Given Dirichlet Forms with Tier Linkage (Hiroshi Kaneko)Dirichlet Forms in Quantum Theory (Witold Karwowski and Ludwig Streit)On a Stability of Heat Kernel Estimates under Generalized Non-Local Feynman-Kac Perturbations for Stable-Like Processes (Daehong Kim and Kazuhiro Kuwae)Martin Boundary for Some Symmetric Lévy Processes (Panki Kim, Renming Song and Zoran Vondraček)Level Statistics of One-Dimensional Schrödinger Operators with Random Decaying Potential (Shinichi Kotani and Fumihiko Nakano)Perturbation of the Loop Measure (Yves Le Jan and Jay Rosen)Regular Subspaces of Dirichlet Forms (Liping Li and Jiangang Ying)Quasi-Regular Semi-Dirichlet Forms and Beyond (Zhi-Ming Ma, Wei Sun and Li-Fei Wang)Large Deviation Estimates for Controlled Semi-Martingales (Hideo Nagai)A Comparison Theorem for Backward SPDEs with Jumps (Bernt Øksendal, Agnès Sulem and Tusheng Zhang)On a Construction of a Space-Time Diffusion Process with Boundary Condition (Yoichi Oshima)Lower Bounded Semi-Dirichlet Forms Associated with Lévy Type Operators (René L Schilling and Jian Wang)Ultracontractivity for Non-Symmetric Markovian Semigroups (Ichiro Shigekawa)Metric Measure Spaces with Variable Ricci Bounds and Couplings of Brownian Motions (Karl-Theodor Sturm)Intrinsic Ultracontractivity and Semi-Small Perturbation for Skew Product Diffusion Operators (Matsuyo Tomisaki) Readership: Researchers in probability, stochastic analysis and mathematical physics. Key Features:Research papers by leading expertsHistorical account of M Fukushima's contribution to mathematicsAuthoritative surveys on the state of the art in the fieldKeywords:Probability Theory;Markov Processes;Dirichlet Forms;Potential Theory;Mathematical Physics

The second edition of this book has a new title that more accurately reflects the table of contents. Over the past few years, many new results have been proven in the field of partial differential equations. This edition takes those new results into account, in particular the study of nonautonomous operators with unbounded coefficients, which has received great attention. Additionally, this edition is the first to use a unified approach to contain the new results in a singular place.

Stochastic analysis on Riemannian manifolds without boundary has been well established. However, the analysis for reflecting diffusion processes and sub-elliptic diffusion processes is far from complete. This book contains recent advances in this direction along with new ideas and efficient arguments, which are crucial for further developments. Many results contained here (for example, the formula of the curvature using derivatives of the semigroup) are new among existing monographs even in the case without boundary. Contents:PreliminariesDiffusion Processes on Riemannian Manifolds without BoundaryReflecting Diffusion Processes on Manifolds with BoundaryStochastic Analysis on Path Space over Manifolds with BoundarySubelliptic Diffusion Processes Readership: Graduate students, researchers and professionals in probability theory, differential geometry and partial differential equations. Keywords:Diffusion Pocess;Reflecting Diffusion Process;Neumann Semigroup;Curvature;Second Fundamental Form;ManifoldKey Features:First book where the key theory and machinery of the reflecting diffusion processes on Riemannian manifolds with boundary are systematically introducedFirst book to clarify intrinsic links between the semigroup properties on one hand and geometric quantities (curvature and second fundamental form) on the other, and these links are introduced in an easy to understand manner: by formulating geometric quantities using short time behaviors of derivatives of the semigroup, whereby a reader can easily comprehend the equivalence of semigroup properties associated with lower bounds of these geometric quantitiesFirst book where stochastic analysis on Riemannian manifolds with boundary are introduced

This book gives an exposition of the principal concepts and results related to second order elliptic and parabolic equations for measures, the main examples of which are Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equations for stationary and transition probabilities of diffusion processes. Existence and uniqueness of solutions are studied along with existence and Sobolev regularity of their densities and upper and lower bounds for the latter. The target readership includes mathematicians and physicists whose research is related to diffusion processes as well as elliptic and parabolic equations.