Genomic Proteomics And Biotechnology

High-throughput molecular technologies ("omics") can help to decipher the contributions of different physiological systems and identify candidate molecules that are representative of different physiological pathways thereby allowing the discovery of biomarkers. Notably, the omics technologies along with and computational methods, bioprospecting, and artificial intelligence will continue to lead to better understanding of biological mechanisms that are responsible for physical attributes, or phenotypes. Research breakthroughs obtained through these technologies can be used to enhance productivity of food animals, meet the increasing demand for animal-sourced foods, enhance high-quality nutrient availability, ensure nutrient safety, mitigate the effects of climate variability, and result in new technologies that provide continued improvement in food security worldwide. Such breakthroughs are an urgent necessity because over the past 50 years, there has been an unprecedented increase in the world’s population, which will reach ten billion by the year 2050. Innovative and technological advancements that enhance all aspects of food production will arise from basic, fundamental research. Besides food, animal by-products have found many applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and household and industrial products. Hence, the need to ameliorate the productivity, reproductivity, growth performance, and disease resistance in animals has created a worldwide interest in gaining a deeper understanding of animal biology, biotechnology and genomics, and proteomics. The present volume thoroughly discusses the omics studies in domestic and non-domestic animals and their role in mitigation of various challenges ahead. The volume thus focuses on i. Omics (genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolonomics) technologies in identifying, characterizing biodiversity ii. Role of molecular techniques for improvement of domestic and non-domestic organisms iii. Animal and alternative model systems (using stem cells, tissue engineering, cell free systems, 3D platforms etc.) for studying life phenomena iv. Genetically modified organisms as factories for the products

Concepts and techniques in genomics and proteomics covers the important concepts of high-throughput modern techniques used in the genomics and proteomics field. Each technique is explained with its underlying concepts, and simple line diagrams and flow charts are included to aid understanding and memory. A summary of key points precedes each chapter within the book, followed by detailed description in the subsections. Each subsection concludes with suggested relevant original references. Provides definitions for key concepts Case studies are included to illustrate ideas Important points to remember are noted

The book provides scope and knowledge on advanced techniques and its applications into the modern fields of biotechnology-genomics and proteomics. In this book, different genomics and proteomics technologies and principles are examined. The fundamental knowledge presented in this book opens up an entirely new way of approaching DNA chip technology,

Principles of Genomics and Proteomics is the perfect reference for graduate students and researchers in these areas to understand its principles and execute precise and reproducible experiments. Following an introductory chapter, the book dives into proper research, including genome mapping. Experiments covered in the book span from Sangers Sequencing, Shotgun sequencing, SAGE analysis, DNA footprinting, Gel retardation, ChIP, and protein resolution methods, including PAGE, 2D gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. Biophysical techniques are also described in detail, including ultraviolet and visible light spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, NMR and X-ray diffraction. A final proteome analysis is dedicated to functional analysis. Other chapters cover applications of omics technologies broadly. This book is the perfect reference for genetics labs around the world. Graduate students will benefit from the structured and detailed coverage of methods and established researchers will benefit from the book for staff training in research and may find it particularly helpful in enhancing reproducibility of experiments. Provides a comprehensive accounting of the technical aspects of genomic and proteomic analysis and applications in living organisms Includes detailed and standardized coverage of basic research methods in areas covered Presents advanced applications of genomics and proteomics that are highlighted with major significance in medical and agricultural fields

High-throughput molecular technologies ("omics") can help to decipher the contributions of different physiological systems and identify candidate molecules that are representative of different physiological pathways thereby allowing to discover biomarkers. Notably, the' omics technologies along with and computational methods, bioprospecting, artificial intelligence will continue to lead to better understanding of biological mechanisms that are responsible for physical attributes, or phenotypes. Research breakthroughs obtained through these technologies can be used to enhance productivity of food animals, meet the increasing demand for animal-sourced foods, enhance the high-quality nutrient availability, ensure nutrient safety, mitigate the effects of climate variability, and result in new technologies that provide continued improvement in food security worldwide. Such a data is an urgent necessity because over the past 50 years, there has been an unprecedented increase in the world's population which will reach 10 billion by the year 2050. Innovative and technological advancements that enhance all aspects of food production will arise from basic, fundamental research. Besides food, animal by-products have found many applications in the fields of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, household, and industrial products. Hence, the need to ameliorate the productive, reproductive, growth performance and disease resistance in animals has created a worldwide interest to gain a deeper understanding of animal biology, biotechnology and genomics, proteomics. The present volume thoroughly discusses the Omics studies in domestic and non-domestic animals and their role in mitigation of various challenges ahead. The volume thus focusses on OMICS (Genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolonomics) technologies in identifying, characterizing biodiversity Role of molecular techniques for improvement of domestic and non-domestic organisms Animal and alternative model systems (using stem cells, tissue engineering, cell free systems, 3D platforms etc.) for studying life phenomena Genetically Modified Organisms as factories for the products

While the sequence of the human genome sequence has hit the headlines, extensive exploitation of this for practical applications is still to come. Genomic and post-genomic technologies applied to viral and bacterial pathogens, which are almost equally important from a scientific perspective, have the potential to be translated into useful products and processes much more rapidly. Genomics, Proteomics and Vaccines introduces the history of vaccinology and discusses how vaccines are expected to evolve in the future. It describes the relevant technologies, including genome sequencing and analysis, DNA microarrays, 2D electrophoresis and 2D chromatography, mass spectrometry and high-throughput protein expression and purification. The book also features examples of the exploitation of genomics and post-genomics in vaccine discovery, and contains useful descriptions of the biology and pathogenesis of clinically important bacterial pathogens. This book should be of interest to all those working in vaccine discovery and development in pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies as well as in academic institutions

Plant research has stood at the forefront of the genomics revolution. One of the first genome projects, the sequencing of the commonly used model organism Arabidopsis, has already yielded important results for the study of a broad array of crops such as corn and soybeans. With crop and food bioengineering only in its infancy, the need to understand the fundamental genetic mechanisms of plants will only become more pressing. A comprehensive guide to this fascinating area of genomics, Plant Genomics and Proteomics presents an integrated, broadly accessible treatment of the complex relationship between the genome, transcriptome, and proteome of plants. This clearly written text introduces the reader to the range of molecular techniques applicable to investigating the unique facets of plant growth, development, and response to the environment. Coverage includes: Functional and structural genomics addressed within the context of current techniques and challenges to come How to utilize DNA and protein sequence data Practical considerations for choosing and employing the most commonly available computer applications A review of applications for biotechnology, including genetic modification and defense against pathogens Bioinformatics tools and Web resources Numerous examples from the latest research throughout Assuming no specialized knowledge of plant biology on the part of its reader, Plant Genomics and Proteomics provides an invaluable resource for students and researchers in biotechnology, plant biology, genomics, and bioinformatics.

The patenting and licensing of human genetic material and proteins represents an extension of intellectual property (IP) rights to naturally occurring biological material and scientific information, much of it well upstream of drugs and other disease therapies. This report concludes that IP restrictions rarely impose significant burdens on biomedical research, but there are reasons to be apprehensive about their future impact on scientific advances in this area. The report recommends 13 actions that policy-makers, courts, universities, and health and patent officials should take to prevent the increasingly complex web of IP protections from getting in the way of potential breakthroughs in genomic and proteomic research. It endorses the National Institutes of Health guidelines for technology licensing, data sharing, and research material exchanges and says that oversight of compliance should be strengthened. It recommends enactment of a statutory exception from infringement liability for research on a patented invention and raising the bar somewhat to qualify for a patent on upstream research discoveries in biotechnology. With respect to genetic diagnostic tests to detect patient mutations associated with certain diseases, the report urges patent holders to allow others to perform the tests for purposes of verifying the results.