Historic Forts Of Ontario

Sure to become one of your favorites, this engaging volume describes the history of nearly fifty famous fortifications, from the heights of Quebec to the western frontier. Lavishly illustrated with seventy-one photographs and illustrations, this book devotes an entire chapter to each fort's unique history, including construction, important military events, famous commanders and battle strategies. Many forts changed possession several times. Here we learn what finally became of them, whether they were completely destroyed in battle, slowly decayed by the elements, reconstructed by enthusiasts or preserved for posterity by historians. If you enjoy visiting historic sites, take this book with you. From Fort Independence in Boston Harbor to Fort Vancouver at the mouth of the Columbia River; and from Ticonderoga to the Alamo, these bastions are the silent sentinels of our past.

In the earliest days when lakes, streams, and rivers served as highways through the wilderness, the nation that ruled the mouth of the Oswego River dominated North America. The convergence of the Oswego and Lake Ontario was a key point on the most navigable water route from the east into the interior of the continent. It was there that Fort Ontario was built. Just as quickly, however, the fort was destroyed, as competing armies seized control of this valuable point. Time after time the fort was rebuilt, and over the years it acquired a history as unique as its location. Fort Ontario: Guardian of the North is the first history of this remarkable and resilient fort, credited with being the oldest continuously garrisoned post in the United States. The book chronicles the many transformations of Fort Ontario from the time it was built in 1755 up to its present-day status as a New York State Historic Site. With paintings, maps, photographs, and informative text, the book brings back the fort's years as a company post, its World War I role as a major army hospital, and its World War II years as a shelter for Jews fleeing the Holocaust--the only wartime refugee shelter in the history of the United States.

Fearing an American invasion of Upper Canada, John Graves Simcoe had Fort York built in 1793 as an emergency defensive measure. That act became the first step in the founding of modern Toronto. Twenty years later, the Fort was the scene of the bloody Battle of York in which the famous American explorer, Zebulon Pike, died leading U.S. forces against the Fort's outnumbered Canadian, British and Aboriginal defenders. The Americans won this battle – their first major victory in the War of 1812 – and torched the province's public buildings during a six-day occupation. A year later, British forces retaliated by capturing Washington and burning its government buildings, including the White House. Rebuilt in time to drive off another American attack in 1814, Fort York was maintained through the 1880s to guard against internal unrest and potential American annexation. Even after its defences became obsolete, Fort York continued to serve as barracks and training grounds for the Toronto garrison until the 1930s, when it reopened as a historic site museum. In this book, Carl Benn explores the dramatic roles Fort York played in the frontier war of the 1790s, the birth of Toronto, the War of 1812, the Rebellion of 1837 and the defence of Canada during the American Civil War, and describes how Toronto's most important heritage site came to be preserved as a tangible link to Canada's turbulent military past.