Hydrides

Metal Hydrides focuses on the theories of hydride formation as well as on experimental procedures involved in the formation of hydrides, the reactions that occur between hydrides and other media, and the physical and mechanical properties of the several classes of hydrides. The use of metal hydrides in the control of neutron energies is discussed, as are many other immediate or potential uses, e.g., in the production of high-purity hydrogen and in powder metallurgy. It is hoped that this book will serve as a valuable reference to students, research professors, and industrial researchers in metal hydrides and in allied fields. Selected chapters may serve specialists in other fields as an introduction to metal hydrides. The information contained herein will also be of lasting and practical value to the metallurgist, inorganic chemist, solid-state physicist, nuclear engineer, and others working with chemical or physical processes involving metal-hydrogen systems.

Inorganic Hydrides focuses on the hydrides of chemical elements. The hydrides discussed in this book are classified into four principal categories — ionic, covalent, transition metal hydrides, and metallic hydrides. Hydrides that do not fit into general classification, such as hydrides of copper and zinc, can be described as borderline hydrides and form a transition in type between the covalent hydrides of the later elements of the periodic table and the metallic hydrides of the transition elements. This text begins with an introduction to the classes of hydrides and hydrides of hydrogen, discussing element by element through frequent comparisons. The transition metal hydrides and metallic hydrides are also elaborated. This selection concludes with the chapter on bonding and bond strengths in hydrides, followed by the applications of infrared, Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The general chemistry of water and its solvent properties are also briefly deliberated. This publication is suitable for undergraduates, particularly on covering the developments and chemistry of inorganic hydrides.

Hydrides for Energy Storage documents the proceedings of an International Symposium held in Geilo, Norway on August 14-19, 1977. This book discusses the thermodynamics of metal, alloy and intermetallic/hydrogen systems; localization and diffusion of hydrogen in lanthanum-nickel compounds; kinetics of hydrogen absorption and desorption; and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of metal hydrides. The calculated heats of formation of metal and metal alloy hydrides; hydrogen absorption into rare earth intermetallic compounds; plateau pressure of RE Ni5 and RE Co5 hydrides; and hydride formation of C14-type Ti alloy are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the mixing effects of two different types of hydrides; hydrogen storage electrode systems; and applications of metal hydrides. This publication is intended for chemists concerned with the fundamental properties of hydrides.

In September, 1999, with the generous support of NATO, scientists from 18 different nations gathered in Katsiveli, Yalta, Ukraine at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides to present their research and to discuss world energy problems and possible solutions, interactions of hydrogen with materials, the role of hydrogen in materials science, and the chemistry of metal hydrides. High level and highly professional presentations were accompanied by a great deal of discussion and debate of the issues from both fundamental and global perspectives. The result was a large number of new collaborations, new directions, and better understanding of energy and materials issues. The research presented at this meeting can be found in this volume. These papers range from global perspectives such as the new vision of energy and how hydrogen fits into that future, to reviews such as a look at nickel hydride over the last 40 years, to very specific current research. A large number of papers are included on hydrogen and materials. These papers include articles on properties such as superconductivity, diffusion EMF, magnetic properties, physico chemical properties, phase composition, and permeability as a result of the interaction with or incorporation of hydrogen. Also included are papers discussing the use of hydrogen as a processing or alloying agent. The use of hydrogen in the synthesis of battery electrode materials, composite materials, and alloys is also presented.

The 2001 International Conference «Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides» (ICHMS'2001) was held in the picturesque town Alushta (Crimea, Ukraine) on the bank of Black Sea in September 16-22, 2001. In the tradition of the earlier ICHMS conferences, the 7th ICHMS'2001 provided an international forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest research on transition to hydrogen-based energy systems, technologies for hydrogen production, storage, utilization, materials, energy and environmental problems. The aim of ICHMS '200 1 was to provide an overview of the latest information on research and development in the different topics cited above. The representatives from industry, public laboratories, universities and governmental agencies could meet, discuss and present the most recent advances in hydrogen concepts, processes and systems, to evaluate current progress in these areas of investigations and to identify promising research directions for the future. The ICHMS'2001 was the first conference in this series, where a related new important topic of considerable current interest on fullerene-related materials as hydrogen storage was included into the conference program. The hydrogen sorbing properties of newly discovered carbon nanostructural materials inspire hydrogen scientists with optimism. Thus, the ICHMS'2001 conference was unique in bringing together hydrogen and carbon materials researchers and engineers from developed countries of Europe and America, new independent states of FSU and other countries for discussions in advanced materials development and applications.

By drawing together the current theoretical and experimental understanding of the phenomena of delayed hydride cracking (DHC) in zirconium alloys, The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Components: Delayed Hydride Cracking provides a detailed explanation focusing on the properties of hydrogen and hydrides in these alloys. Whilst the emphasis lies on zirconium alloys, the combination of both the empirical and mechanistic approaches creates a solid understanding that can also be applied to other hydride forming metals. This up-to-date reference focuses on documented research surrounding DHC, including current methodologies for design and assessment of the results of periodic in-service inspections of pressure tubes in nuclear reactors. Emphasis is placed on showing how our understanding of DHC is supported by progress in general understanding of such broad fields as the study of hysteresis associated with first order phase transformations, phase relationships in coherent crystalline metallic solids, the physics of point and line defects, diffusion of substitutional and interstitial atoms in crystalline solids, and continuum fracture and solid mechanics. Furthermore, an account of current methodologies is given illustrating how such understanding of hydrogen, hydrides and DHC in zirconium alloys underpins these methodologies for assessments of real life cases in the Canadian nuclear industry. The all-encompassing approach makes The Effect of Hydrogen and Hydrides on the Integrity of Zirconium Alloy Component: Delayed Hydride Cracking an ideal reference source for students, researchers and industry professionals alike.

This book compiles detailed results of electronic structure calculations for most possible cubic monohydrides, dihydrides and selected trihydrides related to superconductivity, comprising elements with atomic numbers up to 103. Beginning with an introduction to the theory and details of the computational methods implemented, this handbook presents a collection of chapters containing results for different classes of cubic hydrides, featuring tables of three-centre and two-centre tight-binding parameterizations, diagrams of energy bands, and densities of states with angular momentum decomposition. Equilibrium lattice parameters and bulk moduli are also included, along with the electron-ion matrix element (Hopfield-McMillan parameter), Stoner criterion for ferromagnetism and values of Fermi velocities and plasmon energies. Each chapter features a brief text explaining the results presented with comparison to experimental values when available. A selection of the implemented computer codes is reproduced for the reader’s own use. This handbook is an ideal complement to any standard electronic structure text for students and researchers in materials science, condensed matter physics, and quantum chemistry.