Hydrides For Energy Storage

Hydrides for Energy Storage documents the proceedings of an International Symposium held in Geilo, Norway on August 14-19, 1977. This book discusses the thermodynamics of metal, alloy and intermetallic/hydrogen systems; localization and diffusion of hydrogen in lanthanum-nickel compounds; kinetics of hydrogen absorption and desorption; and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of metal hydrides. The calculated heats of formation of metal and metal alloy hydrides; hydrogen absorption into rare earth intermetallic compounds; plateau pressure of RE Ni5 and RE Co5 hydrides; and hydride formation of C14-type Ti alloy are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the mixing effects of two different types of hydrides; hydrogen storage electrode systems; and applications of metal hydrides. This publication is intended for chemists concerned with the fundamental properties of hydrides.

Owing to the limited resources of fossil fuels, hydrogen is proposed as an alternative and environment-friendly energy carrier. However, its potential is limited by storage problems, especially for mobile applications. Current technologies, as compressed gas or liquefied hydrogen, comprise severe disadvantages and the storage of hydrogen in lightweight solids could be the solution to this problem. Since the optimal storage mechanism and optimal material have yet to be identified, this first handbook on the topic provides an excellent overview of the most probable candidates, highlighting both their advantages as well as drawbacks. From the contents: ¿ Physisorption ¿ Clathrates ¿ Metal hydrides ¿ Complex hydrides ¿ Amides, imides, and mixtures ¿ Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies ¿ Borazan ¿ Aluminum hydride ¿ Nanoparticles A one-stop reference on all questions concerning hydrogen storage for physical and solid state chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and physicists.

This book provides a comprehensive and contemporary overview of advances in energy and energy storage technologies. Although the coverage is varied and diverse, the book also addresses unifying patterns and trends in order to enrich readers’ understanding of energy and energy storage systems, particularly hydrogen energy storage, including e.g. their morphology, porosity and material structure. Readers will also gain insights into the hydrogen storage performance landscape, based on data released by the US Department of Energy (DOE), providing a basis for understanding real-world applications. The book also discusses the superior hydrogen storage performance of solid-state materials and explores the physical and chemical properties that can potentially affect their performance.

Materials Science Forum Vol. 31

Are you ready for a society driven by hydrogen energy? The fact is, no matter if you are ready or not, a hydrogen energy-based society has arrived. Hydrogen as an energy carrier is clean, cheap, inexhaustible, carbon-free, and high in energy and power density, which is perfectly beneficial for mankind to achieve the long-sought goal of a sustainable world. However, hydrogen exists as a gas at normal temperature and pressure conditions, and its energy density is quite low in a normal gaseous state. Thus, the storing of hydrogen becomes critical and actually, a convenient, high-density and low-cost hydrogen storage system is the key to enabling technology for the wide realization of a hydrogen energy-based society. However, finding this proper solution is challenging since many factors should be considered, such as high capacity, good cycle ability, fast kinetics and proper thermodynamics. In this exciting book on hydrogen storage, the worldwide active scientists endeavor to share with you: How they adopt new ideas on the synthesis, measurement and characterization techniques to advance the research on current studied materials; How they explore new materials for cutting-edge hydrogen storage development; How they think up new approaches for the next-generation design and development of future hydrogen storage systems, and; How they see the possible future directions of hydrogen storage technology and a hydrogen energy-based society.

Owing to the limited resources of fossil fuels, hydrogen is proposed as an alternative and environment-friendly energy carrier. However, its potential is limited by storage problems, especially for mobile applications. Current technologies, as compressed gas or liquefied hydrogen, comprise severe disadvantages and the storage of hydrogen in lightweight solids could be the solution to this problem. Since the optimal storage mechanism and optimal material have yet to be identified, this first handbook on the topic provides an excellent overview of the most probable candidates, highlighting both their advantages as well as drawbacks. From the contents: ¿ Physisorption ¿ Clathrates ¿ Metal hydrides ¿ Complex hydrides ¿ Amides, imides, and mixtures ¿ Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies ¿ Borazan ¿ Aluminum hydride ¿ Nanoparticles A one-stop reference on all questions concerning hydrogen storage for physical and solid state chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and physicists.

Our extreme and growing energy consumption, based on fossil fuels, has significantly increased the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which may lead to global and irreversible climate changes. We have plenty of renewable energy, e.g., sun and wind, but the fluctuations over time and geography call for a range of new ideas and, possibly, novel technologies. The most difficult challenge appears to be the development of the efficient and reliable storage of renewable energy. Hydrogen has long been considered as a potential means of energy storage; however, storage of hydrogen is also challenging. Therefore, a wide range of hydrogen-containing materials, with energy-related functions, has been discovered over the past few decades. The chemistry of hydrogen is very diverse, and so also are the new hydrides that have been discovered, not only in terms of structure and composition but also in terms of their properties. This has led to a wide range of new possible applications of metal hydrides that permeate beyond solid-state hydrogen storage. A variety of new hydrides, proposed as battery materials, has been discovered. These can exploit properties as fast ion conductors or as conversion-type electrodes with much higher potential energy capacities, compared to materials currently used in commercial batteries. Solar heat storage is also an area of great potential for metal hydrides, in principle offering orders of magnitude better storage performance than phase change materials. Recently, hydrides with optical and superconducting properties have also been investigated. This Special Issue of Inorganics, entitled "Functional Materials Based on Metal Hydrides", is dedicated to the full range of emerging electronic, photonic, and energy-related, inorganic, hydrogen-containing materials.

This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Functional Materials Based on Metal Hydrides" that was published in Inorganics