Hydrophobic Interactions

My personal involvement with the problem of hydrophobic interactions (HI) began about ten years ago. At that time I was asked to write a review article on the properties of aqueous solutions of nonpolar solutes. While surveying the literature on this subject I found numerous discussions of the concept of HI. My interest in these interactions increased especially after reading the now classical review of W. Kauzmann (1959), in which the importance of the HI to biochemical processes is stressed. Yet, in spite of having read quite extensively on the various aspects of the subject, I acquired only a very vague idea of what people actually had in mind when referring to HI. In fact, it became quite clear that the term HI was applied by different authors to describe and interpret quite different phenomena occurring in aqueous solutions. Thus, even the most fundamental question of the very definition of the concept of HI remained unanswered. But other questions followed, e. g. : Are HI really a well established experimental fact? Is there any relation between HI and the peculiar properties of water? Is the phenomenon really unique to aqueous solutions? Finally, perhaps the most crucial question I sought to answer was whether or not there exists hard evidence that HI are really important -as often claimed-in biological processes.

This book aims to assist scientists in the field in reviewing and updating their information, and will prompt them to adopt a unified quantitative approach to the study of hydrophobic interactions in food systems. The first part of this monograph reviews the current knowledge on the topic, and the second part of the monograph presents in some detail, an example of the application of hydrophobic concept to a particular food system, namely muscle proteins.

A unified overview of the dynamical properties of water and its unique and diverse role in biological and chemical processes.

The rapid development of new packings for aqueous size-exclusion chromatography has revolutionized this field. High resolution non-adsorptive columns now make possible the efficient separation of proteins and the rapid and precise determination of the molecular weight distribution of synthetic polymers. This technology is also being applied to the separation of small ions, the characterization of associating systems, and the measurement of branching. At the same time, fundamental studies are elucidating the mechanisms of the various chromatographicprocesses. These developments in principles and applications are assembled for the first time in this book. Fundamental issues are dealt with: the roles of pore structure and macromolecular dimensions, hydrophobic and electrostatic effects, and the determination and control of column efficiency. High-performance packings based on derivatized silica are reviewed in detail. Special techniques are thoroughly described, including SEC/LALLS, inverse exclusion chromatography, and frontal zone chromatography. Attention is focussed on special applications of size-exclusion methods, such as the characterization of micelles, separations of inorganic ions, and Hummel-Dreyer and related methods for equilibrium systems. Protein chromatography is dealt with in both dedicated sections and throughout the book as a whole. This is a particularly comprehensive and authoritative work - all the contributions review broad topics of general significance and the authors are of high repute. The material will be of special value for the characterization of synthetic water-soluble polymers, especially polyelectrolytes. Biochemists will find fundamental and practical guidance on protein separations. Researchers confronted with solutes that exhibit complex chromatographic behavior, such as humic acids, aggregating proteins, and micelles should find the contents of this volume illuminating.

In materials chemistry, hybrid systems have become popular because of their enhanced properties compared to their individual components. Organic-inorganic hybrid materials have dual, enhanced chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of both organic and inorganic materials in a single material and are used in various applications. An enhanced hybrid material has many technical advantages compared to single organic or inorganic materials. These technical advantages and the applications of organic-inorganic hybrid materials have been covered by several scientific papers, reviews, and books. This book, however, exclusively covers hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces based on organic-inorganic nanohybrids, their synthesis and fabrication, and their recent and potential applications in various fields. The book is a good reference for understanding the surface properties of organic-inorganic nanohybrids and also a valuable guide for college/high school, undergraduate, and graduate students and scientists with a background in chemistry, chemical engineering, materials science and engineering, nanotechnology, surface science and engineering, or industrial coatings.

A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid

This book aims to assist scientists in the field in reviewing and updating their information, and will prompt them to adopt a unified quantitative approach to the study of hydrophobic interactions in food systems. The first part of this monograph reviews the current knowledge on the topic, and the second part of the monograph presents in some detail, an example of the application of hydrophobic concept to a particular food system, namely muscle proteins.