In Defense Of Intuitions
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In Defense of Intuitions
Author | : A. Chapman,A. Ellis,R. Hanna,T. Hildebrand,H. Pickford |
Publsiher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 427 |
Release | : 2013-10-06 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9781137347954 |
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A reply to contemporary skepticism about intuitions and a priori knowledge, and a defense of neo-rationalism from a contemporary Kantian standpoint, focusing on the theory of rational intuitions and on solving the two core problems of justifying and explaining them.
Philosophy Without Intuitions
Author | : Herman Cappelen |
Publsiher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 255 |
Release | : 2012-03-15 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9780199644865 |
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The standard view of philosophical methodology is that philosophers rely on intuitions as evidence. Herman Cappelen argues that this claim is false, and reveals how it has encouraged pseudo-problems, presented misguided ideas of what philosophy is, and misled exponents of metaphilosophy and experimental philosophy.
Intuition in Medicine
Author | : Hillel D. Braude |
Publsiher | : University of Chicago Press |
Total Pages | : 258 |
Release | : 2012-04-09 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9780226071688 |
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Intuition is central to discussions about the nature of scientific and philosophical reasoning and what it means to be human. In this bold and timely book, Hillel D. Braude marshals his dual training as a physician and philosopher to examine the place of intuition in medicine. Rather than defining and using a single concept of intuition—philosophical, practical, or neuroscientific—Braude here examines intuition as it occurs at different levels and in different contexts of clinical reasoning. He argues that not only does intuition provide the bridge between medical reasoning and moral reasoning, but that it also links the epistemological, ontological, and ethical foundations of clinical decision making. In presenting his case, Braude takes readers on a journey through Aristotle’s Ethics—highlighting the significance of practical reasoning in relation to theoretical reasoning and the potential bridge between them—then through current debates between regulators and clinicians on evidence-based medicine, and finally applies the philosophical perspectives of Reichenbach, Popper, and Peirce to analyze the intuitive support for clinical equipoise, a key concept in research ethics. Through his phenomenological study of intuition Braude aims to demonstrate that ethical responsibility for the other lies at the heart of clinical judgment. Braude’s original approach advances medical ethics by using philosophical rigor and history to analyze the tacit underpinnings of clinical reasoning and to introduce clear conceptual distinctions that simultaneously affirm and exacerbate the tension between ethical theory and practice. His study will be welcomed not only by philosophers but also by clinicians eager to justify how they use moral intuitions, and anyone interested in medical decision making.
Intuitions
Author | : Anthony Robert Booth,Darrell P. Rowbottom |
Publsiher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 305 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9780199609192 |
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Intuitions may seem to play a fundamental role in philosophy: but their role and their value have been challenged recently. What are intuitions? Should we ever trust them? And if so, when? Do they have an indispensable role in science--in thought experiments, for instance--as well as in philosophy? Or should appeal to intuitions be abandoned altogether? This collection brings together leading philosophers, from early to late career, to tackle such questions. It presents the state of the art thinking on the topic.
Moral Judgments as Educated Intuitions
Author | : Hanno Sauer |
Publsiher | : MIT Press |
Total Pages | : 327 |
Release | : 2022-11-01 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9780262546706 |
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An argument that moral reasoning plays a crucial role in moral judgment through episodes of rational reflection that have established patterns for automatic judgment foundation. Rationalists about the psychology of moral judgment argue that moral cognition has a rational foundation. Recent challenges to this account, based on findings in the empirical psychology of moral judgment, contend that moral thinking has no rational basis. In this book, Hanno Sauer argues that moral reasoning does play a role in moral judgment—but not, as is commonly supposed, because conscious reasoning produces moral judgments directly. Moral reasoning figures in the acquisition, formation, maintenance, and reflective correction of moral intuitions. Sauer proposes that when we make moral judgments we draw on a stable repertoire of intuitions about what is morally acceptable, which we have acquired over the course of our moral education—episodes of rational reflection that have established patterns for automatic judgment foundation. Moral judgments are educated and rationally amenable moral intuitions. Sauer engages extensively with the empirical evidence on the psychology of moral judgment and argues that it can be shown empirically that reasoning plays a crucial role in moral judgment. He offers detailed counterarguments to the anti-rationalist challenge (the claim that reason and reasoning play no significant part in morality and moral judgment) and the emotionist challenge (the argument for the emotional basis of moral judgment). Finally, he uses Joshua Greene's Dual Process model of moral cognition to test the empirical viability and normative persuasiveness of his account of educated intuitions. Sauer shows that moral judgments can be automatic, emotional, intuitive, and rational at the same time.
The Oxford Handbook of Philosophical Methodology
Author | : Herman Cappelen,Tamar Gendler,John P. Hawthorne |
Publsiher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 769 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9780199668779 |
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This is a comprehensive book on philosophical methodology. A team of leading philosophers present original essays on various aspects of how philosophy should be and is done. They explore broad traditions and approaches, topics in philosophical methodology, and the interconnections between philosophy and neighbouring fields.
Ethical Intuitionism
Author | : M. Huemer |
Publsiher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 331 |
Release | : 2007-12-14 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9780230597051 |
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A defence of ethical intuitionism where (i) there are objective moral truths; (ii) we know these through an immediate, intellectual awareness, or 'intuition'; and (iii) knowing them gives us reasons to act independent of our desires. The author rebuts the major objections to this theory and shows the difficulties in alternative theories of ethics.
Intuitions
Author | : Anthony Robert Booth,Darrell P. Rowbottom |
Publsiher | : OUP Oxford |
Total Pages | : 288 |
Release | : 2014-07-10 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 9780191669125 |
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Intuitions may seem to play a fundamental role in philosophy: but their role and their value have been challenged recently. What are intuitions? Should we ever trust them? And if so, when? Do they have an indispensable role in science—in thought experiments, for instance—as well as in philosophy? Or should appeal to intuitions be abandoned altogether? This collection brings together leading philosophers, from early to late career, to tackle such questions. It presents the state of the art thinking on the topic.