Introduction To Non Linear Algebra

Nonlinear algebra provides modern mathematical tools to address challenges arising in the sciences and engineering. It is useful everywhere, where polynomials appear: in particular, data and computational sciences, statistics, physics, optimization. The book offers an invitation to this broad and fast-developing area. It is not an extensive encyclopedia of known results, but rather a first introduction to the subject, allowing the reader to enter into more advanced topics. It was designed as the next step after linear algebra and well before abstract algebraic geometry. The book presents both classical topics—like the Nullstellensatz and primary decomposition—and more modern ones—like tropical geometry and semidefinite programming. The focus lies on interactions and applications. Each of the thirteen chapters introduces fundamental concepts. The book may be used for a one-semester course, and the over 200 exercises will help the readers to deepen their understanding of the subject.

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This unique text presents the new domain of consistent non-linear counterparts for all basic objects and tools of linear algebra, and develops an adequate calculus for solving non-linear algebraic and differential equations. It reveals the non-linear algebraic activity as an essentially wider and diverse field with its own original methods, of which the linear one is a special restricted case.This volume contains a detailed and comprehensive description of basic objects and fundamental techniques arising from the theory of non-linear equations, which constitute the scope of what should be called non-linear algebra. The objects of non-linear algebra are presented in parallel with the corresponding linear ones, followed by an exposition of specific non-linear properties treated with the use of classical (such as the Koszul complex) and original new tools. This volume extensively uses a new diagram technique and is enriched with a variety of illustrations throughout the text. Thus, most of the material is new and is clearly exposed, starting from the elementary level. With the scope of its perspective applications spreading from general algebra to mathematical physics, it will interest a broad audience of physicists; mathematicians, as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students.

This book is a short primer in engineering mathematics with a view on applications in nonlinear control theory. In particular, it introduces some elementary concepts of commutative algebra and algebraic geometry which offer a set of tools quite different from the traditional approaches to the subject matter. This text begins with the study of elementary set and map theory. Chapters 2 and 3 on group theory and rings, respectively, are included because of their important relation to linear algebra, the group of invertible linear maps (or matrices) and the ring of linear maps of a vector space. Homomorphisms and Ideals are dealt with as well at this stage. Chapter 4 is devoted to the theory of matrices and systems of linear equations. Chapter 5 gives some information on permutations, determinants and the inverse of a matrix. Chapter 6 tackles vector spaces over a field, Chapter 7 treats linear maps resp. linear transformations, and in addition the application in linear control theory of some abstract theorems such as the concept of a kernel, the image and dimension of vector spaces are illustrated. Chapter 8 considers the diagonalization of a matrix and their canonical forms. Chapter 9 provides a brief introduction to elementary methods for solving differential equations and, finally, in Chapter 10, nonlinear control theory is introduced from the point of view of differential algebra.

Since the popularization of chaos theory, great interest has been generated in non-linear dynamical systems. This text presents an introduction to the basic mathematical concepts and techniques needed to describe and analyze these, aimed at students who have taken a first course in calculus. After reviewing the basic ideas of differential equations, matrix algebra and iteration methods, first and second order continuous systems are discussed. Chapter Four investigates discrete systems and the final chapter is a collection of investigations that can be explored as more open ended tasks.

Drawing examples from mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, economics, medicine, politics, and sports, this book illustrates how nonlinear dynamics plays a vital role in our world. Examples cover a wide range from the spread and possible control of communicable diseases, to the lack of predictability in long-range weather forecasting, to competition between political groups and nations. After an introductory chapter that explores what it means to be nonlinear, the book covers the mathematical concepts such as limit cycles, fractals, chaos, bifurcations, and solitons, that will be applied throughout the book. Numerous computer simulations and exercises allow students to explore topics in greater depth using the Maple computer algebra system. The mathematical level of the text assumes prior exposure to ordinary differential equations and familiarity with the wave and diffusion equations. No prior knowledge of Maple is assumed. The book may be used at the undergraduate or graduate level to prepare science and engineering students for problems in the "real world", or for self-study by practicing scientists and engineers.